rust: add Hardware Random Number Generator subsystem

This patch adds abstractions over the hwrng subsystem:
  - trait `hwrng::Operations` that defines operations of a hwrng driver.
  - `declare_hwrng_operations!` macro that populates callback pointers
    located in hwrng structure.
  - Registration structure for hwrng's drivers.

Signed-off-by: Maciej Falkowski <[email protected]>

Author: Maciej Falkowski

rust/kernel/bindings_helper.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <linux/clk.h>
 #include <linux/errname.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/hw_random.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/random.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>

rust/kernel/hwrng.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+//! Hardware Random Number Generator.
+//!
+//! C header: [`include/linux/hw_random.h`](../../../../include/linux/hw_random.h)
+
+use alloc::{boxed::Box, slice::from_raw_parts_mut};
+
+use crate::{
+    bindings, c_types, error::from_kernel_result, str::CString, to_result, types::PointerWrapper,
+    Error, Result, ScopeGuard,
+};
+
+use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, fmt, marker::PhantomData, pin::Pin};
+
+/// This trait is implemented in order to provide callbacks to `struct hwrng`.
+pub trait Operations {
+    /// The methods to use to populate [`struct hwrng`].
+    const TO_USE: ToUse;
+
+    /// The pointer type that will be used to hold user-defined data type.
+    type Data: PointerWrapper + Send + Sync = ();
+
+    /// Initialization callback, can be left undefined.
+    fn init(_data: <Self::Data as PointerWrapper>::Borrowed<'_>) -> Result {
+        Err(Error::EINVAL)
+    }
+
+    /// Cleanup callback, can be left undefined.
+    fn cleanup(_data: Self::Data) {}
+
+    /// Read data into the provided buffer.
+    /// Drivers can fill up to max bytes of data into the buffer.
+    /// The buffer is aligned for any type and its size is a multiple of 4 and >= 32 bytes.
+    fn read(
+        data: <Self::Data as PointerWrapper>::Borrowed<'_>,
+        buffer: &mut [i8],
+        wait: bool,
+    ) -> Result<u32>;
+}
+
+/// Registration structure for Hardware Random Number Generator driver.
+pub struct Registration<T: Operations> {
+    hwrng: UnsafeCell<bindings::hwrng>,
+    name: Option<CString>,
+    registered: bool,
+    _p: PhantomData<T>,
+}
+
+impl<T: Operations> Registration<T> {
+    /// Creates new instance of registration.
+    ///
+    /// The data must be registered.
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            hwrng: UnsafeCell::new(bindings::hwrng::default()),
+            name: None,
+            registered: false,
+            _p: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a registered and pinned, heap-allocated representation of the registration.
+    pub fn new_pinned(
+        name: fmt::Arguments<'_>,
+        quality: u16,
+        data: T::Data,
+    ) -> Result<Pin<Box<Self>>> {
+        let mut reg = Pin::from(Box::try_new(Self::new())?);
+        reg.as_mut().register(name, quality, data)?;
+        Ok(reg)
+    }
+
+    /// Registers a hwrng device within the rest of the kernel.
+    ///
+    /// It must be pinned because the memory block that represents
+    /// the registration may be self-referential.
+    pub fn register(
+        self: Pin<&mut Self>,
+        name: fmt::Arguments<'_>,
+        quality: u16,
+        data: T::Data,
+    ) -> Result {
+        // SAFETY: We never move out of `this`.
+        let this = unsafe { self.get_unchecked_mut() };
+
+        if this.registered {
+            return Err(Error::EINVAL);
+        }
+
+        let data_pointer = data.into_pointer();
+
+        // SAFETY: `data_pointer` comes from the call to `data.into_pointer()` above.
+        let guard = ScopeGuard::new(|| unsafe {
+            T::Data::from_pointer(data_pointer);
+        });
+
+        let name = CString::try_from_fmt(name)?;
+
+        // SAFETY: Registration is pinned and contains allocated and set to zero `bindings::hwrng` structure.
+        Self::init_hwrng(
+            unsafe { &mut *this.hwrng.get() },
+            &name,
+            quality,
+            data_pointer,
+        );
+
+        // SAFETY: `bindings::hwrng` is initialized above which guarantees safety.
+        to_result(|| unsafe { bindings::hwrng_register(this.hwrng.get()) })?;
+
+        this.registered = true;
+        this.name = Some(name);
+        guard.dismiss();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn init_hwrng(
+        hwrng: &mut bindings::hwrng,
+        name: &CString,
+        quality: u16,
+        data: *const c_types::c_void,
+    ) {
+        hwrng.name = name.as_char_ptr();
+
+        hwrng.init = if T::TO_USE.init {
+            Some(Self::init_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        hwrng.cleanup = if T::TO_USE.cleanup {
+            Some(Self::cleanup_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        hwrng.data_present = None;
+        hwrng.data_read = None;
+        hwrng.read = Some(Self::read_callback);
+
+        hwrng.priv_ = data as _;
+        hwrng.quality = quality;
+
+        // SAFETY: All fields are properly initialized as
+        // remaining fields `list`, `ref` and `cleanup_done` are already
+        // zeroed by `bindings::hwrng::default()` call.
+    }
+
+    unsafe extern "C" fn init_callback(rng: *mut bindings::hwrng) -> c_types::c_int {
+        from_kernel_result! {
+            // SAFETY: `priv` private data field was initialized during creation of
+            // the `bindings::hwrng` in `Self::init_hwrng` method. This callback is only
+            // called once the driver is registered.
+            let data = unsafe { T::Data::borrow((*rng).priv_ as *const _) };
+            T::init(data)?;
+            Ok(0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    unsafe extern "C" fn cleanup_callback(rng: *mut bindings::hwrng) {
+        // SAFETY: `priv` private data field was initialized during creation of
+        // the `bindings::hwrng` in `Self::init_hwrng` method. This callback is only
+        // called once the driver is registered.
+        let data = unsafe { T::Data::from_pointer((*rng).priv_ as *const _) };
+        T::cleanup(data);
+    }
+
+    unsafe extern "C" fn read_callback(
+        rng: *mut bindings::hwrng,
+        data: *mut c_types::c_void,
+        max: usize,
+        wait: bindings::bool_,
+    ) -> c_types::c_int {
+        from_kernel_result! {
+            // SAFETY: `priv` private data field was initialized during creation of
+            // the `bindings::hwrng` in `Self::init_hwrng` method. This callback is only
+            // called once the driver is registered.
+            let drv_data = unsafe { T::Data::borrow((*rng).priv_ as *const _) };
+
+            // SAFETY: Slice is created from `data` and `max` arguments that are C's buffer
+            // along with its size in bytes that are safe for this conversion.
+            let buffer: &mut [i8] = unsafe { from_raw_parts_mut(data as *mut _, max) };
+            let ret = T::read(drv_data, buffer, wait)?;
+            Ok(ret as _)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Operations> Default for Registration<T> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Represents which callbacks of [`struct hwrng`] should be populated with pointers.
+pub struct ToUse {
+    /// The `init` field of [`struct hwrng`].
+    pub init: bool,
+
+    /// The `cleanup` field of [`struct hwrng`].
+    pub cleanup: bool,
+}
+
+/// A constant version where all values are to set to `false`, that is, all supported fields will
+/// be set to null pointers.
+pub const USE_NONE: ToUse = ToUse {
+    init: false,
+    cleanup: false,
+};
+
+/// Defines the [`Operations::TO_USE`] field based on a list of fields to be populated.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! declare_hwrng_operations {
+    () => {
+        const TO_USE: $crate::hwrng::ToUse = $crate::hwrng::USE_NONE;
+    };
+    ($($i:ident),+) => {
+        #[allow(clippy::needless_update)]
+        const TO_USE: kernel::hwrng::ToUse =
+            $crate::hwrng::ToUse {
+                $($i: true),+ ,
+                ..$crate::hwrng::USE_NONE
+            };
+    };
+}
+
+// SAFETY: `Registration` does not expose any of its state across threads.
+unsafe impl<T: Operations> Sync for Registration<T> {}
+
+// SAFETY: `Registration` is not restricted to a single thread,
+// its `T::Data` is also `Send` so it may be moved to different threads.
+#[allow(clippy::non_send_fields_in_send_ty)]
+unsafe impl<T: Operations> Send for Registration<T> {}
+
+impl<T: Operations> Drop for Registration<T> {
+    /// Removes the registration from the kernel if it has completed successfully before.
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        // SAFETY: The instance of Registration<T> is unregistered only
+        // after being initialized and registered before.
+        if self.registered {
+            unsafe { bindings::hwrng_unregister(self.hwrng.get()) };
+        }
+    }
+}

rust/kernel/lib.rs

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ mod error;
 pub mod file;
 pub mod file_operations;
 pub mod gpio;
+pub mod hwrng;
 pub mod irq;
 pub mod miscdev;
 pub mod mm;