diff --git a/pyiceberg/table/update/snapshot.py b/pyiceberg/table/update/snapshot.py
index c705f3b9fd..bf950a68bd 100644
--- a/pyiceberg/table/update/snapshot.py
+++ b/pyiceberg/table/update/snapshot.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 from sortedcontainers import SortedList
 
+from pyiceberg.exceptions import CommitFailedException
 from pyiceberg.expressions import (
     AlwaysFalse,
     BooleanExpression,
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@
 from pyiceberg.partitioning import (
     PartitionSpec,
 )
+from pyiceberg.table.metadata import TableMetadata
 from pyiceberg.table.snapshots import (
     Operation,
     Snapshot,
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@
 from pyiceberg.utils.properties import property_as_bool, property_as_int
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from pyiceberg.table import Transaction
+    from pyiceberg.table import Transaction, Table
 
 
 def _new_manifest_file_name(num: int, commit_uuid: uuid.UUID) -> str:
@@ -239,7 +241,21 @@ def _summary(self, snapshot_properties: Dict[str, str] = EMPTY_DICT) -> Summary:
             truncate_full_table=self._operation == Operation.OVERWRITE,
         )
 
+    def refresh(self) -> Table:
+        table = self._transaction._table.refresh()
+        return table
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def _validate(self, current_metadata: TableMetadata, snapshot: Optional[Snapshot]) -> None: ...
+
     def _commit(self) -> UpdatesAndRequirements:
+        current_snapshot = self._transaction.table_metadata.current_snapshot()
+        if current_snapshot is not None:
+            table = self.refresh()
+            if table is None:
+                raise CommitFailedException("Table is none.")
+            self._validate(table.metadata, current_snapshot)
+
         new_manifests = self._manifests()
         next_sequence_number = self._transaction.table_metadata.next_sequence_number()
 
@@ -249,6 +265,7 @@ def _commit(self) -> UpdatesAndRequirements:
             attempt=0,
             commit_uuid=self.commit_uuid,
         )
+
         location_provider = self._transaction._table.location_provider()
         manifest_list_file_path = location_provider.new_metadata_location(file_name)
         with write_manifest_list(
@@ -445,6 +462,14 @@ def files_affected(self) -> bool:
         """Indicate if any manifest-entries can be dropped."""
         return len(self._deleted_entries()) > 0
 
+    def _validate(self, current_metadata: TableMetadata, snapshot: Optional[Snapshot]) -> None:
+        if snapshot is None:
+            raise CommitFailedException("Snapshot cannot be None.")
+        current_snapshot_id = current_metadata.current_snapshot_id
+        if current_snapshot_id != None and snapshot.snapshot_id != current_snapshot_id:
+            raise CommitFailedException("Operation conflicts are not allowed when performing deleting.")
+        return
+
 
 class _FastAppendFiles(_SnapshotProducer["_FastAppendFiles"]):
     def _existing_manifests(self) -> List[ManifestFile]:
@@ -474,6 +499,10 @@ def _deleted_entries(self) -> List[ManifestEntry]:
         """
         return []
 
+    def _validate(self, current_metadata: TableMetadata, snapshot: Optional[Snapshot]) -> None:
+        """Other operations don't affect the appending operation, and we can just append."""
+        return
+
 
 class _MergeAppendFiles(_FastAppendFiles):
     _target_size_bytes: int
@@ -602,6 +631,14 @@ def _get_entries(manifest: ManifestFile) -> List[ManifestEntry]:
         else:
             return []
 
+    def _validate(self, current_metadata: TableMetadata, snapshot: Optional[Snapshot]) -> None:
+        if snapshot is None:
+            raise CommitFailedException("Snapshot cannot be None.")
+        current_snapshot_id = current_metadata.current_snapshot_id
+        if current_snapshot_id != None and snapshot.snapshot_id != current_snapshot_id:
+            raise CommitFailedException("Operation conflicts are not allowed when performing overwriting.")
+        return
+
 
 class UpdateSnapshot:
     _transaction: Transaction
diff --git a/tests/integration/test_add_files.py b/tests/integration/test_add_files.py
index bfbc8db668..c2bafdb93b 100644
--- a/tests/integration/test_add_files.py
+++ b/tests/integration/test_add_files.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 from pytest_mock.plugin import MockerFixture
 
 from pyiceberg.catalog import Catalog
-from pyiceberg.exceptions import NoSuchTableError
+from pyiceberg.exceptions import NoSuchTableError, CommitFailedException
 from pyiceberg.io import FileIO
 from pyiceberg.io.pyarrow import UnsupportedPyArrowTypeException, _pyarrow_schema_ensure_large_types
 from pyiceberg.manifest import DataFile
@@ -903,3 +903,61 @@ def test_add_files_that_referenced_by_current_snapshot_with_check_duplicate_file
     with pytest.raises(ValueError) as exc_info:
         tbl.add_files(file_paths=[existing_files_in_table], check_duplicate_files=True)
     assert f"Cannot add files that are already referenced by table, files: {existing_files_in_table}" in str(exc_info.value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("format_version", [1, 2])
+def test_conflict_delete_delete(
+    spark: SparkSession, session_catalog: Catalog, arrow_table_with_null: pa.Table, format_version: int
+) -> None:
+    identifier = "default.test_conflict"
+    tbl1 = _create_table(session_catalog, identifier, {"format-version": "1"}, [arrow_table_with_null])
+    tbl2 = session_catalog.load_table(identifier)
+
+    tbl1.delete("string == 'z'")
+
+    with pytest.raises(CommitFailedException, match="(branch main has changed: expected id ).*"):
+        # tbl2 isn't aware of the commit by tbl1
+        tbl2.delete("string == 'z'")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("format_version", [1, 2])
+def test_conflict_delete_append(
+    spark: SparkSession, session_catalog: Catalog, arrow_table_with_null: pa.Table, format_version: int
+) -> None:
+    identifier = "default.test_conflict"
+    tbl1 = _create_table(session_catalog, identifier, {"format-version": "1"}, [arrow_table_with_null])
+    tbl2 = session_catalog.load_table(identifier)
+
+    # This is allowed
+    tbl1.delete("string == 'z'")
+    tbl2.append(arrow_table_with_null)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("format_version", [1, 2])
+def test_conflict_append_delete(
+    spark: SparkSession, session_catalog: Catalog, arrow_table_with_null: pa.Table, format_version: int
+) -> None:
+    identifier = "default.test_conflict"
+    tbl1 = _create_table(session_catalog, identifier, {"format-version": "1"}, [arrow_table_with_null])
+    tbl2 = session_catalog.load_table(identifier)
+
+    tbl1.delete("string == 'z'")
+
+    with pytest.raises(CommitFailedException, match="(branch main has changed: expected id ).*"):
+        # tbl2 isn't aware of the commit by tbl1
+        tbl2.delete("string == 'z'")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("format_version", [1, 2])
+def test_conflict_append_append(
+    spark: SparkSession, session_catalog: Catalog, arrow_table_with_null: pa.Table, format_version: int
+) -> None:
+    identifier = "default.test_conflict"
+    tbl1 = _create_table(session_catalog, identifier, {"format-version": "1"}, [arrow_table_with_null])
+    tbl2 = session_catalog.load_table(identifier)
+
+    tbl1.append(arrow_table_with_null)
+    tbl2.append(arrow_table_with_null)