diff --git a/src/ansi-c/expr2c.cpp b/src/ansi-c/expr2c.cpp
index 44c2f1c5794..cc631e12da2 100644
--- a/src/ansi-c/expr2c.cpp
+++ b/src/ansi-c/expr2c.cpp
@@ -874,16 +874,16 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_typecast(
 
   if(to_type.id()==ID_c_bool &&
      from_type.id()==ID_bool)
-    return convert(src.op(), precedence);
+    return convert_with_precedence(src.op(), precedence);
 
   if(to_type.id()==ID_bool &&
      from_type.id()==ID_c_bool)
-    return convert(src.op(), precedence);
+    return convert_with_precedence(src.op(), precedence);
 
   std::string dest="("+convert(src.type())+")";
 
   unsigned p;
-  std::string tmp=convert(src.op(), p);
+  std::string tmp=convert_with_precedence(src.op(), p);
 
   if(precedence>p)
     dest+='(';
@@ -922,9 +922,9 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_trinary(
 
   unsigned p0, p1, p2;
 
-  std::string s_op0=convert(op0, p0);
-  std::string s_op1=convert(op1, p1);
-  std::string s_op2=convert(op2, p2);
+  std::string s_op0=convert_with_precedence(op0, p0);
+  std::string s_op1=convert_with_precedence(op1, p1);
+  std::string s_op2=convert_with_precedence(op2, p2);
 
   std::string dest;
 
@@ -979,8 +979,8 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_quantifier(
 
   unsigned p0, p1;
 
-  std::string op0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
-  std::string op1=convert(src.op1(), p1);
+  std::string op0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
+  std::string op1=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), p1);
 
   std::string dest=symbol+" { ";
   dest+=convert(src.op0().type());
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_with(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p0;
-  std::string op0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
+  std::string op0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
 
   std::string dest;
 
@@ -1057,9 +1057,9 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_with(
       p1=10;
     }
     else
-      op1=convert(src.operands()[i], p1);
+      op1=convert_with_precedence(src.operands()[i], p1);
 
-    op2=convert(src.operands()[i+1], p2);
+    op2=convert_with_precedence(src.operands()[i+1], p2);
 
     dest+=op1;
     dest+=":=";
@@ -1098,8 +1098,8 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_update(
   std::string op0, op1, op2;
   unsigned p0, p2;
 
-  op0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
-  op2=convert(src.op2(), p2);
+  op0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
+  op2=convert_with_precedence(src.op2(), p2);
 
   if(precedence>p0)
     dest+='(';
@@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_cond(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string op=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string op=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(condition)
       dest+="  ";
@@ -1210,7 +1210,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_binary(
     }
 
     unsigned p;
-    std::string op=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string op=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     // In pointer arithmetic, x+(y-z) is unfortunately
     // not the same as (x+y)-z, even though + and -
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_unary(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p;
-  std::string op=convert(src.op0(), p);
+  std::string op=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p);
 
   std::string dest=symbol;
   if(precedence>=p ||
@@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_pointer_object_has_type(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p0;
-  std::string op0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
+  std::string op0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
 
   std::string dest="POINTER_OBJECT_HAS_TYPE";
   dest+='(';
@@ -1321,7 +1321,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_malloc(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p0;
-  std::string op0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
+  std::string op0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
 
   std::string dest="MALLOC";
   dest+='(';
@@ -1470,7 +1470,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_function(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string op=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string op=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.operands().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -1503,12 +1503,12 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_comma(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p0;
-  std::string op0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
+  std::string op0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
   if(*op0.rbegin()==';')
     op0.resize(op0.size()-1);
 
   unsigned p1;
-  std::string op1=convert(src.op1(), p1);
+  std::string op1=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), p1);
   if(*op1.rbegin()==';')
     op1.resize(op1.size()-1);
 
@@ -1541,7 +1541,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_complex(
   {
     // This is believed to be gcc only; check if this is sensible
     // in MSC mode.
-    return convert(src.op1(), precedence)+"i";
+    return convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), precedence)+"i";
   }
 
   // ISO C11 offers:
@@ -1569,7 +1569,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_complex(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string op=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string op=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.operands().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -1624,10 +1624,10 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_byte_extract(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p0;
-  std::string op0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
+  std::string op0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
 
   unsigned p1;
-  std::string op1=convert(src.op1(), p1);
+  std::string op1=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), p1);
 
   std::string dest=src.id_string();
   dest+='(';
@@ -1661,13 +1661,13 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_byte_update(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p0;
-  std::string op0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
+  std::string op0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
 
   unsigned p1;
-  std::string op1=convert(src.op1(), p1);
+  std::string op1=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), p1);
 
   unsigned p2;
-  std::string op2=convert(src.op2(), p2);
+  std::string op2=convert_with_precedence(src.op2(), p2);
 
   std::string dest=src.id_string();
   dest+='(';
@@ -1704,7 +1704,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_unary_post(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p;
-  std::string op=convert(src.op0(), p);
+  std::string op=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p);
 
   std::string dest;
   if(precedence>p)
@@ -1737,7 +1737,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_index(
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
   unsigned p;
-  std::string op=convert(src.op0(), p);
+  std::string op=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p);
 
   std::string dest;
   if(precedence>p)
@@ -1781,7 +1781,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_pointer_arithmetic(
 
   dest+=", ";
 
-  op=convert(src.op0(), p);
+  op=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p);
   if(precedence>p)
     dest+='(';
   dest+=op;
@@ -1790,7 +1790,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_pointer_arithmetic(
 
   dest+=", ";
 
-  op=convert(src.op1(), p);
+  op=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), p);
   if(precedence>p)
     dest+='(';
   dest+=op;
@@ -1830,7 +1830,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_pointer_difference(
 
   dest+=", ";
 
-  op=convert(src.op0(), p);
+  op=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p);
   if(precedence>p)
     dest+='(';
   dest+=op;
@@ -1839,7 +1839,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_pointer_difference(
 
   dest+=", ";
 
-  op=convert(src.op1(), p);
+  op=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), p);
   if(precedence>p)
     dest+='(';
   dest+=op;
@@ -1920,7 +1920,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_member(
   if(src.op0().id()==ID_dereference &&
      src.operands().size()==1)
   {
-    std::string op=convert(src.op0().op0(), p);
+    std::string op=convert_with_precedence(src.op0().op0(), p);
 
     if(precedence>p || src.op0().op0().id()==ID_typecast)
       dest+='(';
@@ -1932,7 +1932,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_member(
   }
   else
   {
-    std::string op=convert(src.op0(), p);
+    std::string op=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p);
 
     if(precedence>p || src.op0().id()==ID_typecast)
       dest+='(';
@@ -2483,7 +2483,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_constant(
           return convert_norep(src, precedence);
       }
       else
-        return convert(src.op0(), precedence);
+        return convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), precedence);
     }
   }
   else if(type.id()==ID_string)
@@ -2974,7 +2974,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_function_application(
 
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string function_str=convert(src.function(), p);
+    std::string function_str=convert_with_precedence(src.function(), p);
     dest+=function_str;
   }
 
@@ -2983,7 +2983,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_function_application(
   forall_expr(it, src.arguments())
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.arguments().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -3016,7 +3016,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_side_effect_expr_function_call(
 
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string function_str=convert(src.function(), p);
+    std::string function_str=convert_with_precedence(src.function(), p);
     dest+=function_str;
   }
 
@@ -3025,7 +3025,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_side_effect_expr_function_call(
   forall_expr(it, src.arguments())
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.arguments().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -3069,7 +3069,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_overflow(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     dest+=", ";
     // TODO: ggf. Klammern je nach p
@@ -3979,7 +3979,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_code_function_call(
   if(src.lhs().is_not_nil())
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string lhs_str=convert(src.lhs(), p);
+    std::string lhs_str=convert_with_precedence(src.lhs(), p);
 
     // TODO: ggf. Klammern je nach p
     dest+=lhs_str;
@@ -3988,7 +3988,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_code_function_call(
 
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string function_str=convert(src.function(), p);
+    std::string function_str=convert_with_precedence(src.function(), p);
     dest+=function_str;
   }
 
@@ -3999,7 +3999,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_code_function_call(
   forall_expr(it, arguments)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=arguments.begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -4033,7 +4033,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_code_printf(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.operands().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -4109,7 +4109,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_code_input(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.operands().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -4143,7 +4143,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_code_output(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.operands().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -4176,7 +4176,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_code_array_set(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.operands().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -4210,7 +4210,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_code_array_copy(
   forall_operands(it, src)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+    std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
     if(it!=src.operands().begin())
       dest+=", ";
@@ -4436,9 +4436,9 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_extractbit(
   if(src.operands().size()!=2)
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
-  std::string dest=convert(src.op0(), precedence);
+  std::string dest=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), precedence);
   dest+='[';
-  dest+=convert(src.op1(), precedence);
+  dest+=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), precedence);
   dest+=']';
 
   return dest;
@@ -4463,11 +4463,11 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert_extractbits(
   if(src.operands().size()!=3)
     return convert_norep(src, precedence);
 
-  std::string dest=convert(src.op0(), precedence);
+  std::string dest=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), precedence);
   dest+='[';
-  dest+=convert(src.op1(), precedence);
+  dest+=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), precedence);
   dest+=", ";
-  dest+=convert(src.op2(), precedence);
+  dest+=convert_with_precedence(src.op2(), precedence);
   dest+=']';
 
   return dest;
@@ -4511,7 +4511,7 @@ Function: expr2ct::convert
 
 \*******************************************************************/
 
-std::string expr2ct::convert(
+std::string expr2ct::convert_with_precedence(
   const exprt &src,
   unsigned &precedence)
 {
@@ -4550,7 +4550,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert(
     std::string dest="FLOAT_TYPECAST(";
 
     unsigned p0;
-    std::string tmp0=convert(src.op0(), p0);
+    std::string tmp0=convert_with_precedence(src.op0(), p0);
 
     if(p0<=1)
       dest+='(';
@@ -4564,7 +4564,7 @@ std::string expr2ct::convert(
     dest+=", ";
 
     unsigned p1;
-    std::string tmp1=convert(src.op1(), p1);
+    std::string tmp1=convert_with_precedence(src.op1(), p1);
 
     if(p1<=1)
       dest+='(';
@@ -5030,7 +5030,7 @@ Function: expr2ct::convert
 std::string expr2ct::convert(const exprt &src)
 {
   unsigned precedence;
-  return convert(src, precedence);
+  return convert_with_precedence(src, precedence);
 }
 
 /*******************************************************************\
diff --git a/src/ansi-c/expr2c_class.h b/src/ansi-c/expr2c_class.h
index b0647fb7fbb..771f936afb8 100644
--- a/src/ansi-c/expr2c_class.h
+++ b/src/ansi-c/expr2c_class.h
@@ -205,7 +205,8 @@ class expr2ct
   std::string convert_code_array_set(const codet &src, unsigned indent);
   std::string convert_code_array_copy(const codet &src, unsigned indent);
 
-  virtual std::string convert(const exprt &src, unsigned &precedence);
+  virtual std::string convert_with_precedence(
+    const exprt &src, unsigned &precedence);
 
   // NOLINTNEXTLINE(whitespace/line_length)
   std::string convert_function_application(const function_application_exprt &src, unsigned &precedence);
diff --git a/src/cpp/expr2cpp.cpp b/src/cpp/expr2cpp.cpp
index 052483a06f0..33f9c90f974 100644
--- a/src/cpp/expr2cpp.cpp
+++ b/src/cpp/expr2cpp.cpp
@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ class expr2cppt:public expr2ct
   }
 
 protected:
-  std::string convert(const exprt &src, unsigned &precedence) override;
+  std::string convert_with_precedence(
+    const exprt &src, unsigned &precedence) override;
   std::string convert_cpp_this(const exprt &src, unsigned precedence);
   std::string convert_cpp_new(const exprt &src, unsigned precedence);
   std::string convert_extractbit(const exprt &src, unsigned precedence);
@@ -529,7 +530,7 @@ Function: expr2cppt::convert
 
 \*******************************************************************/
 
-std::string expr2cppt::convert(
+std::string expr2cppt::convert_with_precedence(
   const exprt &src,
   unsigned &precedence)
 {
@@ -557,7 +558,7 @@ std::string expr2cppt::convert(
   else if(src.id()=="pod_constructor")
     return "pod_constructor";
   else
-    return expr2ct::convert(src, precedence);
+    return expr2ct::convert_with_precedence(src, precedence);
 }
 
 /*******************************************************************\
diff --git a/src/java_bytecode/expr2java.cpp b/src/java_bytecode/expr2java.cpp
index 5f07b5850fb..e5a1d921bfa 100644
--- a/src/java_bytecode/expr2java.cpp
+++ b/src/java_bytecode/expr2java.cpp
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ std::string expr2javat::convert_code_function_call(
   if(src.lhs().is_not_nil())
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string lhs_str=convert(src.lhs(), p);
+    std::string lhs_str=convert_with_precedence(src.lhs(), p);
 
     dest+=lhs_str;
     dest+='=';
@@ -63,14 +63,14 @@ std::string expr2javat::convert_code_function_call(
   if(has_this)
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string this_str=convert(src.arguments()[0], p);
+    std::string this_str=convert_with_precedence(src.arguments()[0], p);
     dest+=this_str;
     dest+=" . "; // extra spaces for readability
   }
 
   {
     unsigned p;
-    std::string function_str=convert(src.function(), p);
+    std::string function_str=convert_with_precedence(src.function(), p);
     dest+=function_str;
   }
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ std::string expr2javat::convert_code_function_call(
     else
     {
       unsigned p;
-      std::string arg_str=convert(*it, p);
+      std::string arg_str=convert_with_precedence(*it, p);
 
       if(first)
         first=false;
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ Function: expr2javat::convert
 
 \*******************************************************************/
 
-std::string expr2javat::convert(
+std::string expr2javat::convert_with_precedence(
   const exprt &src,
   unsigned &precedence)
 {
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ std::string expr2javat::convert(
   else if(src.id()==ID_constant)
     return convert_constant(to_constant_expr(src), precedence=16);
   else
-    return expr2ct::convert(src, precedence);
+    return expr2ct::convert_with_precedence(src, precedence);
 }
 
 /*******************************************************************\
diff --git a/src/java_bytecode/expr2java.h b/src/java_bytecode/expr2java.h
index 151c8d95816..4df0d240cf9 100644
--- a/src/java_bytecode/expr2java.h
+++ b/src/java_bytecode/expr2java.h
@@ -16,11 +16,9 @@ class expr2javat:public expr2ct
 {
 public:
   explicit expr2javat(const namespacet &_ns):expr2ct(_ns) { }
-
-  using expr2ct::convert;
-
 protected:
-  virtual std::string convert(const exprt &src, unsigned &precedence);
+  virtual std::string convert_with_precedence(
+    const exprt &src, unsigned &precedence);
   virtual std::string convert_java_this(const exprt &src, unsigned precedence);
   virtual std::string convert_java_instanceof(
     const exprt &src,