sync: use atomic.Uint64 for WaitGroup state

So it's guaranteed to have 64-bit alignment, simplify the code without
losing any performance:

name                     old time/op    new time/op    delta
WaitGroupUncontended-8     3.84ns ± 2%    3.82ns ± 1%   ~     (p=0.159 n=10+10)
WaitGroupAddDone-8         33.2ns ± 3%    33.0ns ± 3%   ~     (p=0.564 n=9+10)
WaitGroupAddDoneWork-8     39.3ns ± 1%    39.3ns ± 1%   ~     (p=1.000 n=8+9)
WaitGroupWait-8            0.70ns ± 3%    0.70ns ± 2%   ~     (p=0.720 n=9+10)
WaitGroupWaitWork-8        7.93ns ± 1%    7.99ns ± 3%   ~     (p=0.271 n=10+10)
WaitGroupActuallyWait-8     135ns ± 2%     135ns ± 1%   ~     (p=0.897 n=10+10)

Change-Id: I446b53fa92873419aadd592f45e51398f8ad8652
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/424835
TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <[email protected]>
Run-TryBot: Cuong Manh Le <[email protected]>

Author: cuonglm

src/sync/waitgroup.go

@@ -23,27 +23,8 @@ import (
 type WaitGroup struct {
 	noCopy noCopy
 
-	// 64-bit value: high 32 bits are counter, low 32 bits are waiter count.
-	// 64-bit atomic operations require 64-bit alignment, but 32-bit
-	// compilers only guarantee that 64-bit fields are 32-bit aligned.
-	// For this reason on 32 bit architectures we need to check in state()
-	// if state1 is aligned or not, and dynamically "swap" the field order if
-	// needed.
-	state1 uint64
-	state2 uint32
-}
-
-// state returns pointers to the state and sema fields stored within wg.state*.
-func (wg *WaitGroup) state() (statep *uint64, semap *uint32) {
-	if unsafe.Alignof(wg.state1) == 8 || uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&wg.state1))%8 == 0 {
-		// state1 is 64-bit aligned: nothing to do.
-		return &wg.state1, &wg.state2
-	} else {
-		// state1 is 32-bit aligned but not 64-bit aligned: this means that
-		// (&state1)+4 is 64-bit aligned.
-		state := (*[3]uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&wg.state1))
-		return (*uint64)(unsafe.Pointer(&state[1])), &state[0]
-	}
+	state atomic.Uint64 // high 32 bits are counter, low 32 bits are waiter count.
+	sema  uint32
 }
 
 // Add adds delta, which may be negative, to the WaitGroup counter.
@@ -60,24 +41,22 @@ func (wg *WaitGroup) state() (statep *uint64, semap *uint32) {
 // new Add calls must happen after all previous Wait calls have returned.
 // See the WaitGroup example.
 func (wg *WaitGroup) Add(delta int) {
-	statep, semap := wg.state()
 	if race.Enabled {
-		_ = *statep // trigger nil deref early
 		if delta < 0 {
 			// Synchronize decrements with Wait.
 			race.ReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(wg))
 		}
 		race.Disable()
 		defer race.Enable()
 	}
-	state := atomic.AddUint64(statep, uint64(delta)<<32)
+	state := wg.state.Add(uint64(delta) << 32)
 	v := int32(state >> 32)
 	w := uint32(state)
 	if race.Enabled && delta > 0 && v == int32(delta) {
 		// The first increment must be synchronized with Wait.
 		// Need to model this as a read, because there can be
 		// several concurrent wg.counter transitions from 0.
-		race.Read(unsafe.Pointer(semap))
+		race.Read(unsafe.Pointer(&wg.sema))
 	}
 	if v < 0 {
 		panic("sync: negative WaitGroup counter")
@@ -93,13 +72,13 @@ func (wg *WaitGroup) Add(delta int) {
 	// - Adds must not happen concurrently with Wait,
 	// - Wait does not increment waiters if it sees counter == 0.
 	// Still do a cheap sanity check to detect WaitGroup misuse.
-	if *statep != state {
+	if wg.state.Load() != state {
 		panic("sync: WaitGroup misuse: Add called concurrently with Wait")
 	}
 	// Reset waiters count to 0.
-	*statep = 0
+	wg.state.Store(0)
 	for ; w != 0; w-- {
-		runtime_Semrelease(semap, false, 0)
+		runtime_Semrelease(&wg.sema, false, 0)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -110,13 +89,11 @@ func (wg *WaitGroup) Done() {
 
 // Wait blocks until the WaitGroup counter is zero.
 func (wg *WaitGroup) Wait() {
-	statep, semap := wg.state()
 	if race.Enabled {
-		_ = *statep // trigger nil deref early
 		race.Disable()
 	}
 	for {
-		state := atomic.LoadUint64(statep)
+		state := wg.state.Load()
 		v := int32(state >> 32)
 		w := uint32(state)
 		if v == 0 {
@@ -128,16 +105,16 @@ func (wg *WaitGroup) Wait() {
 			return
 		}
 		// Increment waiters count.
-		if atomic.CompareAndSwapUint64(statep, state, state+1) {
+		if wg.state.CompareAndSwap(state, state+1) {
 			if race.Enabled && w == 0 {
 				// Wait must be synchronized with the first Add.
 				// Need to model this is as a write to race with the read in Add.
 				// As a consequence, can do the write only for the first waiter,
 				// otherwise concurrent Waits will race with each other.
-				race.Write(unsafe.Pointer(semap))
+				race.Write(unsafe.Pointer(&wg.sema))
 			}
-			runtime_Semacquire(semap)
-			if *statep != 0 {
+			runtime_Semacquire(&wg.sema)
+			if wg.state.Load() != 0 {
 				panic("sync: WaitGroup is reused before previous Wait has returned")
 			}
 			if race.Enabled {