mm, memory_hotplug: do not associate hotadded memory to zones until online

The current memory hotplug implementation relies on having all the
struct pages associate with a zone/node during the physical hotplug
phase (arch_add_memory->__add_pages->__add_section->__add_zone).  In the
vast majority of cases this means that they are added to ZONE_NORMAL.
This has been so since 9d99aaa ("[PATCH] x86_64: Support memory
hotadd without sparsemem") and it wasn't a big deal back then because
movable onlining didn't exist yet.

Much later memory hotplug wanted to (ab)use ZONE_MOVABLE for movable
onlining 511c2ab ("mm, memory-hotplug: dynamic configure movable
memory and portion memory") and then things got more complicated.
Rather than reconsidering the zone association which was no longer
needed (because the memory hotplug already depended on SPARSEMEM) a
convoluted semantic of zone shifting has been developed.  Only the
currently last memblock or the one adjacent to the zone_movable can be
onlined movable.  This essentially means that the online type changes as
the new memblocks are added.

Let's simulate memory hot online manually
  $ echo 0x100000000 > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones
  Normal Movable

  $ echo $((0x100000000+(128<<20))) > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  $ echo $((0x100000000+2*(128<<20))) > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  $ echo online_movable > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/state
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable Normal

This is an awkward semantic because an udev event is sent as soon as the
block is onlined and an udev handler might want to online it based on
some policy (e.g.  association with a node) but it will inherently race
with new blocks showing up.

This patch changes the physical online phase to not associate pages with
any zone at all.  All the pages are just marked reserved and wait for
the onlining phase to be associated with the zone as per the online
request.  There are only two requirements

	- existing ZONE_NORMAL and ZONE_MOVABLE cannot overlap

	- ZONE_NORMAL precedes ZONE_MOVABLE in physical addresses

the latter one is not an inherent requirement and can be changed in the
future.  It preserves the current behavior and made the code slightly
simpler.  This is subject to change in future.

This means that the same physical online steps as above will lead to the
following state: Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable

Implementation:
The current move_pfn_range is reimplemented to check the above
requirements (allow_online_pfn_range) and then updates the respective
zone (move_pfn_range_to_zone), the pgdat and links all the pages in the
pfn range with the zone/node.  __add_pages is updated to not require the
zone and only initializes sections in the range.  This allowed to
simplify the arch_add_memory code (s390 could get rid of quite some of
code).

devm_memremap_pages is the only user of arch_add_memory which relies on
the zone association because it only hooks into the memory hotplug only
half way.  It uses it to associate the new memory with ZONE_DEVICE but
doesn't allow it to be {on,off}lined via sysfs.  This means that this
particular code path has to call move_pfn_range_to_zone explicitly.

The original zone shifting code is kept in place and will be removed in
the follow up patch for an easier review.

Please note that this patch also changes the original behavior when
offlining a memory block adjacent to another zone (Normal vs.  Movable)
used to allow to change its movable type.  This will be handled later.

[[email protected]: simplify zone_intersects()]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
[[email protected]: remove duplicate call for set_page_links]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
[[email protected]: remove unused local `i']
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Dan Williams <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Reza Arbab <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <[email protected]> # For s390 bits
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <[email protected]>
Cc: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>
Cc: Balbir Singh <[email protected]>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <[email protected]>
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <[email protected]>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <[email protected]>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <[email protected]>
Cc: Toshi Kani <[email protected]>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <[email protected]>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <[email protected]>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

Author: Michal Hocko

arch/ia64/mm/init.c

@@ -648,18 +648,11 @@ mem_init (void)
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 {
-	pg_data_t *pgdat;
-	struct zone *zone;
 	unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	int ret;
 
-	pgdat = NODE_DATA(nid);
-
-	zone = pgdat->node_zones +
-		zone_for_memory(nid, start, size, ZONE_NORMAL, for_device);
-	ret = __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
-
+	ret = __add_pages(nid, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
 	if (ret)
 		printk("%s: Problem encountered in __add_pages() as ret=%d\n",
 		       __func__,  ret);

arch/powerpc/mm/mem.c

@@ -128,16 +128,12 @@ int __weak remove_section_mapping(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 
 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 {
-	struct pglist_data *pgdata;
-	struct zone *zone;
 	unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	int rc;
 
 	resize_hpt_for_hotplug(memblock_phys_mem_size());
 
-	pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
-
 	start = (unsigned long)__va(start);
 	rc = create_section_mapping(start, start + size);
 	if (rc) {
@@ -147,11 +143,7 @@ int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 		return -EFAULT;
 	}
 
-	/* this should work for most non-highmem platforms */
-	zone = pgdata->node_zones +
-		zone_for_memory(nid, start, size, 0, for_device);
-
-	return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
+	return __add_pages(nid, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE

arch/s390/mm/init.c

@@ -168,41 +168,15 @@ unsigned long memory_block_size_bytes(void)
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 {
-	unsigned long zone_start_pfn, zone_end_pfn, nr_pages;
 	unsigned long start_pfn = PFN_DOWN(start);
 	unsigned long size_pages = PFN_DOWN(size);
-	pg_data_t *pgdat = NODE_DATA(nid);
-	struct zone *zone;
-	int rc, i;
+	int rc;
 
 	rc = vmem_add_mapping(start, size);
 	if (rc)
 		return rc;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++) {
-		zone = pgdat->node_zones + i;
-		if (zone_idx(zone) != ZONE_MOVABLE) {
-			/* Add range within existing zone limits, if possible */
-			zone_start_pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn;
-			zone_end_pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn +
-				       zone->spanned_pages;
-		} else {
-			/* Add remaining range to ZONE_MOVABLE */
-			zone_start_pfn = start_pfn;
-			zone_end_pfn = start_pfn + size_pages;
-		}
-		if (start_pfn < zone_start_pfn || start_pfn >= zone_end_pfn)
-			continue;
-		nr_pages = (start_pfn + size_pages > zone_end_pfn) ?
-			   zone_end_pfn - start_pfn : size_pages;
-		rc = __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
-		if (rc)
-			break;
-		start_pfn += nr_pages;
-		size_pages -= nr_pages;
-		if (!size_pages)
-			break;
-	}
+	rc = __add_pages(nid, start_pfn, size_pages, !for_device);
 	if (rc)
 		vmem_remove_mapping(start, size);
 	return rc;

arch/sh/mm/init.c

@@ -487,18 +487,12 @@ void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 {
-	pg_data_t *pgdat;
 	unsigned long start_pfn = PFN_DOWN(start);
 	unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	int ret;
 
-	pgdat = NODE_DATA(nid);
-
 	/* We only have ZONE_NORMAL, so this is easy.. */
-	ret = __add_pages(nid, pgdat->node_zones +
-			zone_for_memory(nid, start, size, ZONE_NORMAL,
-			for_device),
-			start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
+	ret = __add_pages(nid, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
 	if (unlikely(ret))
 		printk("%s: Failed, __add_pages() == %d\n", __func__, ret);
 

arch/x86/mm/init_32.c

@@ -825,13 +825,10 @@ void __init mem_init(void)
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 {
-	struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
-	struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones +
-		zone_for_memory(nid, start, size, ZONE_HIGHMEM, for_device);
 	unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 
-	return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
+	return __add_pages(nid, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE

arch/x86/mm/init_64.c

@@ -772,22 +772,15 @@ static void  update_end_of_memory_vars(u64 start, u64 size)
 	}
 }
 
-/*
- * Memory is added always to NORMAL zone. This means you will never get
- * additional DMA/DMA32 memory.
- */
 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device)
 {
-	struct pglist_data *pgdat = NODE_DATA(nid);
-	struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones +
-		zone_for_memory(nid, start, size, ZONE_NORMAL, for_device);
 	unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 	int ret;
 
 	init_memory_mapping(start, start + size);
 
-	ret = __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
+	ret = __add_pages(nid, start_pfn, nr_pages, !for_device);
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
 
 	/* update max_pfn, max_low_pfn and high_memory */

drivers/base/memory.c

@@ -392,39 +392,43 @@ static ssize_t show_valid_zones(struct device *dev,
 				struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 {
 	struct memory_block *mem = to_memory_block(dev);
-	unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
-	unsigned long valid_start, valid_end, valid_pages;
+	unsigned long start_pfn = section_nr_to_pfn(mem->start_section_nr);
 	unsigned long nr_pages = PAGES_PER_SECTION * sections_per_block;
-	struct zone *zone;
-	int zone_shift = 0;
+	unsigned long valid_start_pfn, valid_end_pfn;
+	bool append = false;
+	int nid;
 
-	start_pfn = section_nr_to_pfn(mem->start_section_nr);
-	end_pfn = start_pfn + nr_pages;
-
-	/* The block contains more than one zone can not be offlined. */
-	if (!test_pages_in_a_zone(start_pfn, end_pfn, &valid_start, &valid_end))
+	/*
+	 * The block contains more than one zone can not be offlined.
+	 * This can happen e.g. for ZONE_DMA and ZONE_DMA32
+	 */
+	if (!test_pages_in_a_zone(start_pfn, start_pfn + nr_pages, &valid_start_pfn, &valid_end_pfn))
 		return sprintf(buf, "none\n");
 
-	zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(valid_start));
-	valid_pages = valid_end - valid_start;
-
-	/* MMOP_ONLINE_KEEP */
-	sprintf(buf, "%s", zone->name);
+	start_pfn = valid_start_pfn;
+	nr_pages = valid_end_pfn - start_pfn;
 
-	/* MMOP_ONLINE_KERNEL */
-	zone_can_shift(valid_start, valid_pages, ZONE_NORMAL, &zone_shift);
-	if (zone_shift) {
-		strcat(buf, " ");
-		strcat(buf, (zone + zone_shift)->name);
+	/*
+	 * Check the existing zone. Make sure that we do that only on the
+	 * online nodes otherwise the page_zone is not reliable
+	 */
+	if (mem->state == MEM_ONLINE) {
+		strcat(buf, page_zone(pfn_to_page(start_pfn))->name);
+		goto out;
 	}
 
-	/* MMOP_ONLINE_MOVABLE */
-	zone_can_shift(valid_start, valid_pages, ZONE_MOVABLE, &zone_shift);
-	if (zone_shift) {
-		strcat(buf, " ");
-		strcat(buf, (zone + zone_shift)->name);
+	nid = pfn_to_nid(start_pfn);
+	if (allow_online_pfn_range(nid, start_pfn, nr_pages, MMOP_ONLINE_KERNEL)) {
+		strcat(buf, NODE_DATA(nid)->node_zones[ZONE_NORMAL].name);
+		append = true;
 	}
 
+	if (allow_online_pfn_range(nid, start_pfn, nr_pages, MMOP_ONLINE_MOVABLE)) {
+		if (append)
+			strcat(buf, " ");
+		strcat(buf, NODE_DATA(nid)->node_zones[ZONE_MOVABLE].name);
+	}
+out:
 	strcat(buf, "\n");
 
 	return strlen(buf);

include/linux/memory_hotplug.h

@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@ extern int __remove_pages(struct zone *zone, unsigned long start_pfn,
 	unsigned long nr_pages);
 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE */
 
-/* reasonably generic interface to expand the physical pages in a zone  */
-extern int __add_pages(int nid, struct zone *zone, unsigned long start_pfn,
+/* reasonably generic interface to expand the physical pages */
+extern int __add_pages(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn,
 	unsigned long nr_pages, bool want_memblock);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
@@ -299,15 +299,16 @@ extern int add_memory_resource(int nid, struct resource *resource, bool online);
 extern int zone_for_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, int zone_default,
 		bool for_device);
 extern int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size, bool for_device);
+extern void move_pfn_range_to_zone(struct zone *zone, unsigned long start_pfn,
+		unsigned long nr_pages);
 extern int offline_pages(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long nr_pages);
 extern bool is_memblock_offlined(struct memory_block *mem);
 extern void remove_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size);
-extern int sparse_add_one_section(struct zone *zone, unsigned long start_pfn);
+extern int sparse_add_one_section(struct pglist_data *pgdat, unsigned long start_pfn);
 extern void sparse_remove_one_section(struct zone *zone, struct mem_section *ms,
 		unsigned long map_offset);
 extern struct page *sparse_decode_mem_map(unsigned long coded_mem_map,
 					  unsigned long pnum);
-extern bool zone_can_shift(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
-			  enum zone_type target, int *zone_shift);
-
+extern bool allow_online_pfn_range(int nid, unsigned long pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
+		int online_type);
 #endif /* __LINUX_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_H */

include/linux/mmzone.h

@@ -532,6 +532,22 @@ static inline bool zone_is_empty(struct zone *zone)
 	return zone->spanned_pages == 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Return true if [start_pfn, start_pfn + nr_pages) range has a non-empty
+ * intersection with the given zone
+ */
+static inline bool zone_intersects(struct zone *zone,
+		unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long nr_pages)
+{
+	if (zone_is_empty(zone))
+		return false;
+	if (start_pfn >= zone_end_pfn(zone) ||
+	    start_pfn + nr_pages <= zone->zone_start_pfn)
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 /*
  * The "priority" of VM scanning is how much of the queues we will scan in one
  * go. A value of 12 for DEF_PRIORITY implies that we will scan 1/4096th of the

kernel/memremap.c

@@ -359,6 +359,10 @@ void *devm_memremap_pages(struct device *dev, struct resource *res,
 
 	mem_hotplug_begin();
 	error = arch_add_memory(nid, align_start, align_size, true);
+	if (!error)
+		move_pfn_range_to_zone(&NODE_DATA(nid)->node_zones[ZONE_DEVICE],
+					align_start >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+					align_size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 	mem_hotplug_done();
 	if (error)
 		goto err_add_memory;