DOC add example of Series.index (#51842)

Co-authored-by: Philip Meier <[email protected]>

Author: ggold7046

ci/code_checks.sh

@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ if [[ -z "$CHECK" || "$CHECK" == "docstrings" ]]; then
 
     MSG='Partially validate docstrings (EX01)' ;  echo $MSG
     $BASE_DIR/scripts/validate_docstrings.py --format=actions --errors=EX01 --ignore_functions \
-        pandas.Series.index \
         pandas.Series.__iter__ \
         pandas.Series.keys \
         pandas.Series.item \

pandas/core/series.py

@@ -5486,7 +5486,46 @@ def to_period(self, freq: str | None = None, copy: bool | None = None) -> Series
     _info_axis_name: Literal["index"] = "index"
 
     index = properties.AxisProperty(
-        axis=0, doc="The index (axis labels) of the Series."
+        axis=0,
+        doc="""
+        The index (axis labels) of the Series.
+
+        The index of a Series is used to label and identify each element of the
+        underlying data. The index can be thought of as an immutable ordered set
+        (technically a multi-set, as it may contain duplicate labels), and is
+        used to index and align data in pandas.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Index
+            The index labels of the Series.
+
+        See Also
+        --------
+        Series.reindex : Conform Series to new index.
+        Series.set_index : Set Series as DataFrame index.
+        Index : The base pandas index type.
+
+        Notes
+        -----
+        For more information on pandas indexing, see the `indexing user guide
+        <https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/user_guide/indexing.html>`__.
+
+        Examples
+        --------
+        To create a Series with a custom index and view the index labels:
+
+        >>> cities = ['Kolkata', 'Chicago', 'Toronto', 'Lisbon']
+        >>> populations = [14.85, 2.71, 2.93, 0.51]
+        >>> city_series = pd.Series(populations, index=cities)
+        >>> city_series.index
+        Index(['Kolkata', 'Chicago', 'Toronto', 'Lisbon'], dtype='object')
+
+        To change the index labels of an existing Series:
+        >>> city_series.index = ['KOL', 'CHI', 'TOR', 'LIS']
+        >>> city_series.index
+        Index(['KOL', 'CHI', 'TOR', 'LIS'], dtype='object')
+        """,
     )
 
     # ----------------------------------------------------------------------