diff --git a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql.rb b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql.rb
index f9e50fe8..3e955110 100644
--- a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql.rb
+++ b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql.rb
@@ -153,6 +153,6 @@ def log_connection_pool_size
   end
 
   def matching_users
-    user_model.find(:all, :conditions => ["#{username_column} = ? AND #{password_column} = ?", @username, @password])
+    user_model.where("#{username_column} = ? AND #{password_column} = ?", @username, @password)
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_authlogic.rb b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_authlogic.rb
index 7e1d5903..a75d8e79 100644
--- a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_authlogic.rb
+++ b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_authlogic.rb
@@ -94,6 +94,6 @@ def validate(credentials)
   protected
 
   def matching_users
-    user_model.find(:all, :conditions => ["#{username_column} = ?", @username])
+    user_model.where("#{username_column} = ?", @username)
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_bcrypt.rb b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_bcrypt.rb
index 34943f45..15b2af8d 100644
--- a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_bcrypt.rb
+++ b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_bcrypt.rb
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ class CASServer::Authenticators::SQLBcrypt < CASServer::Authenticators::SQL
   protected
 
   def matching_users
-    results = user_model.find(:all, :conditions => ["#{username_column} = ?", @username])
+    results = user_model.where("#{username_column} = ?", @username)
     results.select { |user| BCrypt::Password.new(user.send(password_column.to_sym)) == @password }
   end
 
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_encrypted.rb b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_encrypted.rb
index 7593b107..ae2da94f 100644
--- a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_encrypted.rb
+++ b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_encrypted.rb
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def validate(credentials)
     encrypt_function = @options[:encrypt_function] || 'user.encrypted_password == Digest::SHA256.hexdigest("#{user.encryption_salt}::#{@password}")'
 
     log_connection_pool_size
-    results = user_model.find(:all, :conditions => ["#{username_column} = ?", @username])
+    results = user_model.where("#{username_column} = ?", @username)
     user_model.connection_pool.checkin(user_model.connection)
 
     if results.size > 0
diff --git a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_rest_auth.rb b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_rest_auth.rb
index 00f939dc..4c0ff988 100644
--- a/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_rest_auth.rb
+++ b/lib/casserver/authenticators/sql_rest_auth.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def validate(credentials)
     username_column = @options[:username_column] || "email"
 
     log_connection_pool_size
-    results = user_model.find(:all, :conditions => ["#{username_column} = ?", @username])
+    results = user_model.where("#{username_column} = ?", @username)
     user_model.connection_pool.checkin(user_model.connection)
 
     if results.size > 0
diff --git a/lib/casserver/server.rb b/lib/casserver/server.rb
index 3b87c012..5602db93 100644
--- a/lib/casserver/server.rb
+++ b/lib/casserver/server.rb
@@ -533,9 +533,7 @@ def self.init_database!
             st.destroy
           end
 
-          pgts = CASServer::Model::ProxyGrantingTicket.find(:all,
-            :conditions => [CASServer::Model::ServiceTicket.quoted_table_name+".username = ?", tgt.username],
-            :include => :service_ticket)
+          pgts = CASServer::Model::ProxyGrantingTicket.includes(:service_ticket).where(CASServer::Model::ServiceTicket.quoted_table_name+".username = ?", tgt.username)
           pgts.each do |pgt|
             $LOG.debug("Deleting Proxy-Granting Ticket '#{pgt}' for user '#{pgt.service_ticket.username}'")
             pgt.destroy
@@ -785,4 +783,4 @@ def authenticated_username
       end
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end