Auto merge of #52644 - varkor:lib-feature-gate-2, r=withoutboats

Add errors for unknown, stable and duplicate feature attributes

- Adds an error for unknown (lang and lib) features.
- Extends the lint for unnecessary feature attributes for stable features to libs features (this already exists for lang features).
- Adds an error for duplicate (lang and lib) features.

```rust
#![feature(fake_feature)] //~ ERROR unknown feature `fake_feature`

#![feature(i128_type)] //~ WARNING the feature `i128_type` has been stable since 1.26.0

#![feature(non_exhaustive)]
#![feature(non_exhaustive)] //~ ERROR duplicate `non_exhaustive` feature attribute
```

Fixes #52053, fixes #53032 and address some of the problems noted in #44232 (though not unused features).

There are a few outstanding problems, that I haven't narrowed down yet:
- [x] Stability attributes on macros do not seem to be taken into account.
- [x] Stability attributes behind `cfg` attributes are not taken into account.
- [x] There are failing incremental tests.

Author: bors

src/etc/test-float-parse/many-digits.rs

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
 // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
 // except according to those terms.
 
-#![feature(rand)]
-
 extern crate rand;
 
 mod _common;

src/etc/test-float-parse/rand-f64.rs

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
 // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
 // except according to those terms.
 
-#![feature(rand)]
-
 extern crate rand;
 
 mod _common;