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* Removed trailing slashes in the urls (#63)
Fix: faucet link broken because of the double slash
* Fix: What's next link on ERC721 bridge page
when you're on ERC721 NFT Bridge page and scrolling down to whats next you see ERC1155 Token Bridge tap, when you click on it. it doesn't take you to ERC1155 Token Bridge page. it will reload the same page. so i fixed by editing the whats next line.
* Update: Add Bware Faucet (#64)
* add bware faucet
* fix dangling html close comment
* fix: apply new logo (#66)
* Rebranding (#69)
* Update: 8/23/23 (#65)
* Removed trailing slashes in the urls (#63)
Fix: faucet link broken because of the double slash
* Fix: What's next link on ERC721 bridge page
when you're on ERC721 NFT Bridge page and scrolling down to whats next you see ERC1155 Token Bridge tap, when you click on it. it doesn't take you to ERC1155 Token Bridge page. it will reload the same page. so i fixed by editing the whats next line.
* Update: Add Bware Faucet (#64)
* add bware faucet
* fix dangling html close comment
---------
Co-authored-by: Kirill Nikolaev <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: monem <[email protected]>
* fix: apply new logo (#67)
* update press link and change zero-knowledge to zero knowledge
---------
Co-authored-by: Daniel Helm <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Kirill Nikolaev <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: monem <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Holybasil <[email protected]>
---------
Co-authored-by: Kirill Nikolaev <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: monem <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Holybasil <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: zzq0826 <[email protected]>
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: src/content/docs/en/developers/index.mdx
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**Welcome to the Scroll developer documentation!**
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Scroll is its own Layer 2 network built on Ethereum (more specifically, a “zero-knowledge rollup”).
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Scroll is its own Layer 2 network built on Ethereum (more specifically, a “zeroknowledge rollup”).
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If you’re experienced in building on Ethereum, your code, dependencies, and tooling work with Scroll out of the box. This is possible because our network is compatible with EVM bytecode and designed to feel just like developing on Ethereum.
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<Asidetype="tip"title="New to zero-knowledge rollups?">
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<Asidetype="tip"title="New to zeroknowledge rollups?">
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Scroll gains its security and speed by executing transactions off-chain, and also producing a cryptographic proof that
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the transactions were executed correctly. This cryptographic proof is verified in a smart contract on Layer 1,
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ensuring that all code executed on the Scroll Layer 2 behaves just as if it were executed on Ethereum Layer 1.
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<divslot="title">Throughput — Scroll creates more secure blockspace for Ethereum.</div>
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<p>
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ZK Rollups allow for more activity on the network, minimizing congestion. By inheriting the security of Ethereum,
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which verifies the behavior of the network using zero-knowledge proofs, Scroll can process more transactions without
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which verifies the behavior of the network using zeroknowledge proofs, Scroll can process more transactions without
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compromising on decentralization.
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</p>
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</ToggleElement>
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<divslot="title">Cost — Scroll saves users gas fees.</div>
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<p>
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On Ethereum, competition for blockspace results in higher costs per transaction, as each transaction makes a bid to
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be included in the next block. Scroll leverages recent breakthroughs in zero-knowledge proofs and hardware
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be included in the next block. Scroll leverages recent breakthroughs in zeroknowledge proofs and hardware
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acceleration to vastly increase secure blockspace and minimize transaction costs for users.
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</p>
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</ToggleElement>
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<p>
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We also work with governance DAOs and other open-source protocols to make sure that as applications are deployed,
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we’re working to grow their impact — whether that be in public goods, core infrastructure, or the next generation of
Scroll is a security-focused scaling solution for Ethereum, using innovations in scaling design and zero-knowledge proofs to build a new layer on Ethereum. The Scroll network is more accessible, more responsive, and can support more users at once than Ethereum alone, and if you've ever used or developed an application on Ethereum, you'll be right home on Scroll.
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Scroll is a security-focused scaling solution for Ethereum, using innovations in scaling design and zeroknowledge proofs to build a new layer on Ethereum. The Scroll network is more accessible, more responsive, and can support more users at once than Ethereum alone, and if you've ever used or developed an application on Ethereum, you'll be right home on Scroll.
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Want to try out the Scroll Sepolia testnet? Check out our [User Guide](/user-guide/).
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While Ethereum is the leading blockchain network for powering decentralized applications, its popularity also brings higher costs, creating a barrier to adoption for the next wave of users and developers.
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Leveraging cutting-edge research in zero-knowledge proofs (”zk”), Scroll is building a Layer 2 rollup network on Ethereum. The team, in open-source collaboration with others in the Ethereum community, has created a “zkEVM” that allows for all activity on the network, which behaves just like Ethereum, to be secured by smart contracts _on_ Ethereum. The network publishes all of the transactions to Ethereum, and the zkEVM creates and publishes cryptographic "proofs" that the Scroll network is following the rules of Ethereum.
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Leveraging cutting-edge research in zeroknowledge proofs (”zk”), Scroll is building a Layer 2 rollup network on Ethereum. The team, in open-source collaboration with others in the Ethereum community, has created a “zkEVM” that allows for all activity on the network, which behaves just like Ethereum, to be secured by smart contracts _on_ Ethereum. The network publishes all of the transactions to Ethereum, and the zkEVM creates and publishes cryptographic "proofs" that the Scroll network is following the rules of Ethereum.
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Ultimately, Ethereum smart contracts verify that every transaction on Scroll is valid for these proofs, lending the network incredible security, decentralization, and censorship resistance. This level of security and scalability for Ethereum is only possible with recent breakthroughs in zero-knowledge cryptography, blockchain protocol design, and hardware acceleration.
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Ultimately, Ethereum smart contracts verify that every transaction on Scroll is valid for these proofs, lending the network incredible security, decentralization, and censorship resistance. This level of security and scalability for Ethereum is only possible with recent breakthroughs in zeroknowledge cryptography, blockchain protocol design, and hardware acceleration.
excerpt: 'Over the past decade, a field of cryptography called "zero-knowledge" has been rapidly advancing. It promises new ways to build applications and enables protocols to increase efficiency, security, and privacy.'
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excerpt: 'Over the past decade, a field of cryptography called "zeroknowledge" has been rapidly advancing. It promises new ways to build applications and enables protocols to increase efficiency, security, and privacy.'
Over the past decade, a field of cryptography called "zero-knowledge" has been rapidly advancing. It promises new ways to build applications and enables protocols to increase efficiency, security, and privacy.
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Over the past decade, a field of cryptography called "zeroknowledge" has been rapidly advancing. It promises new ways to build applications and enables protocols to increase efficiency, security, and privacy.
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Let's look at what makes the field of zero-knowledge proofs so exciting and what problems it helps engineers solve.
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Let's look at what makes the field of zeroknowledge proofs so exciting and what problems it helps engineers solve.
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## Trustless Blockchains & Verifiability
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This methodology of verifying each transaction breaks down in situations where a participant can’t rerun the computation. A participant may not be able to re-execute the computation for a couple of reasons: (1) it could be that certain data shouldn’t be made available (for privacy reasons), or (2) it may be too expensive for a participating computer to re-execute all the transactions - this second reason is especially relevant when considering high-throughput blockchains with a large number of transactions per second.
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## The Power of Zero-Knowledge Proofs
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## The Power of ZeroKnowledge Proofs
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Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) have the power to overcome these limitations.
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Zeroknowledge proofs (ZKPs) have the power to overcome these limitations.
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ZKPs allow participants to verify the results of a computation while (1) preserving the privacy of any sensitive data used in the computation, and (2) having the verification be significantly cheaper than re-executing the computation. These two properties of ZKPs are called **zero-knowledge** and **succinctness**, respectively.
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ZKPs allow participants to verify the results of a computation while (1) preserving the privacy of any sensitive data used in the computation, and (2) having the verification be significantly cheaper than re-executing the computation. These two properties of ZKPs are called **zeroknowledge** and **succinctness**, respectively.
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The above properties of ZKPs are extremely useful in the context of verifiability for trustless blockchains. Without ZKPs, participants need to re-execute every transaction’s resulting computation. This requires all participants to see all the (potentially sensitive) data used in each computation, and it also limits the throughput of the entire system. With ZKPs, one party can perform the computation, and then generate a proof that the computation was performed correctly. Other participants can verify that the computation was performed correctly by _verifying that the proof is valid_, rather than re-executing the computation themselves. Verifying the proof (1) does not leak information about sensitive data used in the original computation, and (2) is significantly computationally cheaper than re-executing the original computation. These two properties have the potential to enable privacy and scalability for trustless blockchains.
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## Circuits, Proofs, and Verifiers
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In practice, ZKPs can be quite complex to implement into a system, but at a high level, you’ll want to understand that zero-knowledge proofs have a few components: a circuit, a proof, and a verifier.
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In practice, ZKPs can be quite complex to implement into a system, but at a high level, you’ll want to understand that zeroknowledge proofs have a few components: a circuit, a proof, and a verifier.
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The circuit is a program that takes in input data, and asserts that the input data is valid according to some “constraints” that the input data must satisfy. The input data can be public (known to everyone), private (know to only the prover), or mixed (some inputs are public and some are private).
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The proof, along with the puzzle, could be passed to Bob, who could then use a **verifier** corresponding to the Sudoku-checking circuit to assess if the proof is valid, and thereby that Alice indeed knows a solution to the puzzle. Critically, Bob doesn’t gain any knowledge of Alice’s solution, but he can still verify that she knows a valid solution!
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## Zero-Knowledge Proofs and Blockchains
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## ZeroKnowledge Proofs and Blockchains
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One of the primary motivations for recent advances in ZKPs is its application to blockchains. Two of the key challenges that decentralized blockchains face are privacy and scalability - all the data is public, and every node in the network has to re-run every computation on the network. ZKPs can help solve both these challenges.
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While there are several projects utilizing the zero-knowledge property of ZKPs to build privacy-preserving applications, we at Scroll use only the succinctness property of ZKPs to scale Ethereum.
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While there are several projects utilizing the zeroknowledge property of ZKPs to build privacy-preserving applications, we at Scroll use only the succinctness property of ZKPs to scale Ethereum.
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## Scroll & Zero Knowledge Proofs
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The idea that powers Scroll is quite simple. What if we could use an Ethereum smart contract to verify all of the computation of another version of Ethereum? We could run another network that provides faster and cheaper access to an Ethereum Virtual Machine (”EVM”), and Ethereum itself would provide the security needed for validating all the computation and making sure this other network isn’t breaking the EVM rules.
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The rest of the Learn and Technology sections break down how this works in greater detail, but at a simple level, remember that zero-knowledge relies on having a circuit, proof, and verifier.
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The rest of the Learn and Technology sections break down how this works in greater detail, but at a simple level, remember that zeroknowledge relies on having a circuit, proof, and verifier.
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In our construction, the circuit (actually a set of circuits) encodes the rules of the EVM to “constrain” acceptable behavior for processing input transactions relative to the chain state. Using this “zkEVM”, a network of GPUs takes the transactions for a set of blocks and generates a proof. And back on Ethereum, a smart contract verifies that, for a set of transactions, this proof matches the circuit enshrined in the smart contract. If it does, those transactions can be considered “finalized,” the network moves forward, and we’ve created fast, secure, and affordable blockspace for growing Ethereum.
Polynomial commitment schemes are a core building block of zero-knowledge proof systems (as well as other cryptographic protocols).
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Polynomial commitment schemes are a core building block of zeroknowledge proof systems (as well as other cryptographic protocols).
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As the name suggests, polynomial commitment schemes are commitment schemes where the object to be committed is a polynomial. These schemes also have a special property where an evaluation of the polynomial can be verified with access only to the polynomial’s commitment.
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A **polynomial commitment scheme** is a commitment scheme where the committer commits to a polynomial $P(x)$ by computing a commitment $c$. As in normal commitment schemes, the committer can later reveal the original polynomial, and the verifier can check that the commitment corresponds to the revealed polynomial. However, polynomial commitment schemes have an additional property: the committer can prove particular evaluations of the committed polynomial without revealing the polynomial itself. For example, the committer can prove that $P(a) = b$, and the verifier can verify such a proof using just the commitment $c$.
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Polynomial commitment schemes are extremely useful for zero-knowledge applications. A prover can use such a scheme to prove that he knows some polynomial which satisfies certain properties (e.g. that it passes through a certain point $(a,b)$), without revealing the underlying polynomial.
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Polynomial commitment schemes are extremely useful for zeroknowledge applications. A prover can use such a scheme to prove that he knows some polynomial which satisfies certain properties (e.g. that it passes through a certain point $(a,b)$), without revealing the underlying polynomial.
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Another reason why polynomial schemes are useful is that the commitment $c$ is generally much smaller than the polynomial it represents, and can thus be thought of as a **compression** of the polynomial $P(x)$. The magnitude of compression depends on the particular scheme. For example, in the KZG polynomial commitment scheme, a polynomial of arbitrarily large degree can be compressed down to a commitment consisting of a single group element.
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Thank you for testing the Scroll Sepolia Testnet. If you have questions or want to give feedback, join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/scroll)!
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The Sepolia Testnet consists of _Ethereum's Sepolia Testnet_ and the _Scroll Sepolia_ test network. Sepolia is an Ethereum test network, while Scroll Sepolia is a zero-knowledge rollup testnet deployed on top of the former. There are some pre-deployed demo applications: a [bridge](https://scroll.io/bridge) between _Sepolia_ and _Scroll Sepolia_,[^1] a [block explorer](https://sepolia-blockscout.scroll.io/) for _Scroll Sepolia_,[^2] and a [rollup explorer](https://scroll.io/rollupscan).
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The Sepolia Testnet consists of _Ethereum's Sepolia Testnet_ and the _Scroll Sepolia_ test network. Sepolia is an Ethereum test network, while Scroll Sepolia is a zeroknowledge rollup testnet deployed on top of the former. There are some pre-deployed demo applications: a [bridge](https://scroll.io/bridge) between _Sepolia_ and _Scroll Sepolia_,[^1] a [block explorer](https://sepolia-blockscout.scroll.io/) for _Scroll Sepolia_,[^2] and a [rollup explorer](https://scroll.io/rollupscan).
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To view L1 transactions, check out Etherscan's [Sepolia explorer](https://sepolia.etherscan.io/).
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To view L2 transactions, you can use Scroll's block explorer, but you may also want to try out the additional functionality provided by [Dora](https://www.ondora.xyz/network/scroll-sepolia/interactions) or [L2Scan](https://scroll.l2scan.co/).
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