Test modernized CI workflows

.github/workflows/build-image.yml

@@ -2,45 +2,101 @@ name: Build Image
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: [ master ]
+    branches: [master, main]
     paths:
       - 'build-image/**'
       - '.github/workflows/build-image.yml'
   pull_request:
-    branches: [ master ]
+    branches: [master, main]
     paths:
       - 'build-image/**'
       - '.github/workflows/build-image.yml'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
-permissions: 
+permissions:
   contents: read
+  packages: write
+
+env:
+  REGISTRY: quay.io
+  IMAGE_NAME: cortexproject/build-image
 
 jobs:
   build:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      image-digest: ${{ steps.build.outputs.digest }}
+      image-tag: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
-        name: Checkout
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@29109295f81e9208d7d86ff1c6c12d2833863392 # v3.6.0
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@18ce135bb5112fa8ce4ed6c17ab05699d7f3a5e0 # v3.11.0
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
 
-      - name: Save image
-        run: make save-multiarch-build-image
+      - name: Login to Container Registry
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
+          username: ${{ secrets.QUAY_REGISTRY_USER }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.QUAY_REGISTRY_PASSWORD }}
 
-      - name: Upload Docker Images Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
+      - name: Extract metadata
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
         with:
-          name: build-image
-          path: |
-            ./build-image-amd64.tar
-            ./build-image-arm64.tar
-          if-no-files-found: error
+          images: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
+          tags: |
+            type=ref,event=branch
+            type=ref,event=pr
+            type=sha,enable={{is_default_branch}},prefix={{branch}}-
+            type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}}
+
+      - name: Build and push
+        id: build
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        with:
+          context: ./build-image
+          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
+          push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+          cache-from: type=gha
+          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
+          # Security features
+          provenance: true
+          sbom: true
+
+      - name: Generate attestation
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v1
+        with:
+          subject-name: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
+          subject-digest: ${{ steps.build.outputs.digest }}
+          push-to-registry: true
+
+  # Test the build image
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: build
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Test build image functionality
+        run: |
+          # Test that the build image contains expected tools
+          docker run --rm ${{ needs.build.outputs.image-tag }} which go
+          docker run --rm ${{ needs.build.outputs.image-tag }} which make
+          docker run --rm ${{ needs.build.outputs.image-tag }} which git
+
+          # Test Go version
+          docker run --rm ${{ needs.build.outputs.image-tag }} go version
 
   push:
     needs: build