`setprecision(::Function, ::Type, ::Int)` regression

[nsajko]

Passes on v1.11, throws MethodError on v1.12:

using Test

struct Issue55899 end

const issue_55899_precision = Ref{Any}(123)

@testset "`setprecision` regression, issue #55899" begin
    function Base.precision(::Type{Issue55899})
        issue_55899_precision[]
    end

    function Base.setprecision(::Type{Issue55899}, p::Int)
        issue_55899_precision[] = p
    end

    function issue_55899_get_set_precision(p::Int)
        f = () -> precision(Issue55899)
        setprecision(f, Issue55899, p)
    end

    for p ∈ (1, 10, 100)
        @test p === issue_55899_get_set_precision(p)
        @test 123 === precision(Issue55899)
    end
end

xref #51362

xref kalmarek/Arblib.jl#187