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Merge pull request #28 from MayMeow/copilot/fix-27
Migrate from RSA to EC (Elliptic Curve) Algorithm for OpenSSL Usage in PHP
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‎CODEOWNERS

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*.php @MayMeow @may-meow
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*.php @MayMeow

‎README.md

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* [x] AES Crypto service provider (encrypt, decrypt strings)
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* [x] RSA Crypto service provider
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* [x] **EC (Elliptic Curve) Crypto service provider** - New default for better performance and security
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* [x] Key derivation
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## ⚠️ Breaking Changes - EC Migration
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**Version 1.x has migrated from RSA to Elliptic Curve (EC) cryptography as the default.**
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### What Changed
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- `RSAParameters` now generates **EC keys by default** (prime256v1 curve) instead of RSA keys
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- EC keys provide **equivalent security to RSA 3072-bit** with **2.5x faster key generation** and **60% smaller key sizes**
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- Direct encryption/decryption operations work only with RSA keys, not EC keys
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- Signing and verification work with both RSA and EC keys
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### Migration Guide
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**If you only use signing/verification:** No changes needed - your code will automatically use faster EC keys.
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**If you use encryption/decryption:** You have two options:
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1. **Recommended: Use AES hybrid encryption** (more secure, works with EC keys)
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2. **Quick fix: Explicitly use RSA keys** (maintains old behavior)
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```php
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// Option 1: Use RSA for AES hybrid encryption (current limitation)
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$rsaParams = new RSAParameters();
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$rsaConfig = [
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'private_key_type' => OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA,
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'private_key_bits' => 2048
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];
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$rsaParams->generateKeys($passphrase, $rsaConfig);
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$aes = new AESCryptoServiceProvider();
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$sealed = $aes->seal($plaintext, $rsaParams);
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// Option 2: Explicit RSA for direct encryption
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$rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
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$rsa->setParameters($rsaParams);
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$encrypted = $rsa->encrypt($plaintext);
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```
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**Note**: The current `AESCryptoServiceProvider::seal()` method uses `openssl_seal()` which only supports RSA keys. EC-compatible hybrid encryption would require ECDH key exchange implementation.
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### New EC Classes Available
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```php
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// Dedicated EC classes for explicit EC usage
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$ecParams = new ECParameters();
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$ecCrypto = new ECCryptoServiceProvider();
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```
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## Development
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This project contains dev container. To start development build container
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### Asymmetrical encryption
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Asymmetrical encryption using two different keys. One for encryption and one for decryption. They are mostly known as
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private and public keys. The public one is that you want to share to someone. With public key you can encrypt data
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(or someone who want to send you message) and with private key you can decrypt and read data. Private key can be
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protected by password. Here is example
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⚠️ **Important Change**: Default key generation now uses **EC (Elliptic Curve) keys** instead of RSA keys for better performance and security.
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#### Digital Signatures (Works with both RSA and EC)
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Digital signatures work seamlessly with both RSA and EC keys:
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```php
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$plainText = "This is going to be signed!";
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$parameters = new RSAParameters();
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$parameters->generateKeys("passphrase"); // Now generates EC keys by default
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$crypto = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
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$crypto->setParameters($parameters);
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// Signing and verification work with both RSA and EC keys
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$signature = $crypto->sign($plainText, "passphrase", "salt");
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$isValid = $crypto->verify($plainText, $signature); // true
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```
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#### Data Encryption (RSA Keys Only)
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For data encryption/decryption, you need to explicitly use RSA keys:
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```php
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$plainText = "This is going to be encrypted!";
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$parameters = new RSAParameters();
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$parameters->generateKeys("passphrase"); // generating key pair (private and public keys)
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// Explicitly configure RSA for encryption
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$rsaConfig = [
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'private_key_type' => OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA,
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'private_key_bits' => 2048
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];
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$parameters->generateKeys("passphrase", $rsaConfig, "salt");
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$rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
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$rsa->setParameters($parameters);
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$encryptedTest = $rsa->encrypt($plainText);
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$encryptedText = $rsa->encrypt($plainText);
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$decryptedText = $rsa->decrypt($encryptedText, "passphrase", "salt");
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```
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#### Hybrid Encryption (Future Enhancement)
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**Note**: Current AES seal/open requires RSA keys. For EC-compatible hybrid encryption:
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$decryptedText = $rsa->decrypt($encryptedTest);
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```php
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// Current: Use RSA for hybrid encryption
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$rsaParams = new RSAParameters();
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$rsaConfig = ['private_key_type' => OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA, 'private_key_bits' => 2048];
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$rsaParams->generateKeys("passphrase", $rsaConfig, "salt");
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$aes = new AESCryptoServiceProvider();
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$sealed = $aes->seal($plainText, $rsaParams, humanReadableData: true);
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$opened = $aes->open($sealed[1], $sealed[0], $rsaParams, "passphrase", "salt");
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```
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#### Using Dedicated EC Classes
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For explicit EC usage, use the dedicated EC classes:
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```php
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$ecParams = new ECParameters();
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$ecParams->generateKeys("passphrase"); // Always EC
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$ec = new ECCryptoServiceProvider();
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$ec->setParameters($ecParams);
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// Only signing/verification available (no direct encryption)
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$signature = $ec->sign($data, "passphrase", "salt");
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$isValid = $ec->verify($data, $signature);
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```
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### Exporting and importing keys
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and Writers. To export keys use Writer as example shows bellow:
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```php
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$parameters = new RSAParameters();
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$parameters->generateKeys();
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$parameters = new RSAParameters();
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$parameters->generateKeys("passphrase", null, "salt"); // Uses EC by default
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$locator = new TestingParametersLocator();
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$writer = new RsaParametersWriter($locator);
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$writer->write($parameters);
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$writer->write($parameters, privateKeyPass: "passphrase", salt: "salt");
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```
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If you want implement own Writers they must implement `MayMeow\Cryptography\Tools\RsaParametersWriterInterface`.
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‎composer.json

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},
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"scripts": {
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"test": "phpunit tests",
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"test-failing": "phpunit tests --group failing",
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"cs-check": "phpcs --standard=PSR12 src",
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"cs-fix": "phpcbf --standard=PSR12 src",
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"stan": "phpstan analyse"

‎examples/ec_migration_examples.php

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<?php
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/**
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* EC Migration Examples
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*
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* This file demonstrates different usage patterns after the EC migration.
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*/
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require_once __DIR__ . '/../vendor/autoload.php';
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use MayMeow\Cryptography\RSAParameters;
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use MayMeow\Cryptography\RSACryptoServiceProvider;
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use MayMeow\Cryptography\ECParameters;
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use MayMeow\Cryptography\ECCryptoServiceProvider;
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use MayMeow\Cryptography\AESCryptoServiceProvider;
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// Example 1: Default EC usage for signing (recommended)
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echo "Example 1: Default EC Signing\n";
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echo "=============================\n";
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$ecParams = new RSAParameters(); // Now uses EC by default
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$ecParams->generateKeys('secure_passphrase', null, 'unique_salt');
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$crypto = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
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$crypto->setParameters($ecParams);
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$message = "Important message to sign";
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$signature = $crypto->sign($message, 'secure_passphrase', 'unique_salt');
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$isValid = $crypto->verify($message, $signature);
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echo "Message: $message\n";
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echo "Signature: " . substr($signature, 0, 30) . "...\n";
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echo "Valid: " . ($isValid ? 'Yes' : 'No') . "\n\n";
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// Example 2: Explicit RSA for encryption (when needed)
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echo "Example 2: Explicit RSA for Encryption\n";
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echo "======================================\n";
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$rsaParams = new RSAParameters();
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$rsaConfig = [
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'private_key_type' => OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA,
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'private_key_bits' => 2048
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];
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$rsaParams->generateKeys('secure_passphrase', $rsaConfig, 'unique_salt');
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$rsaCrypto = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
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$rsaCrypto->setParameters($rsaParams);
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$secretMessage = "Secret data to encrypt";
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$encrypted = $rsaCrypto->encrypt($secretMessage);
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$decrypted = $rsaCrypto->decrypt($encrypted, 'secure_passphrase', 'unique_salt');
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echo "Original: $secretMessage\n";
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echo "Encrypted: " . substr($encrypted, 0, 30) . "...\n";
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echo "Decrypted: $decrypted\n\n";
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// Example 3: Hybrid encryption with EC (recommended for data encryption)
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echo "Example 3: Hybrid Encryption with EC\n";
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echo "====================================\n";
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$hybridParams = new RSAParameters(); // Uses EC by default
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$hybridParams->generateKeys('secure_passphrase', null, 'unique_salt');
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$aes = new AESCryptoServiceProvider();
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$dataToEncrypt = "Large amount of data to encrypt securely with hybrid approach";
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$sealed = $aes->seal($dataToEncrypt, $hybridParams, humanReadableData: true);
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$opened = $aes->open($sealed[1], $sealed[0], $hybridParams, 'secure_passphrase', 'unique_salt');
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echo "Original: $dataToEncrypt\n";
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echo "Sealed: " . substr($sealed[1], 0, 30) . "...\n";
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echo "Opened: $opened\n\n";
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// Example 4: Dedicated EC classes
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echo "Example 4: Dedicated EC Classes\n";
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echo "===============================\n";
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$dedicatedEC = new ECParameters();
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$dedicatedEC->generateKeys('secure_passphrase', ['curve_name' => 'secp384r1'], 'unique_salt');
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$ecCrypto = new ECCryptoServiceProvider();
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$ecCrypto->setParameters($dedicatedEC);
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$dataToSign = "Data signed with dedicated EC classes";
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$ecSignature = $ecCrypto->sign($dataToSign, 'secure_passphrase', 'unique_salt');
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$ecValid = $ecCrypto->verify($dataToSign, $ecSignature);
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echo "Message: $dataToSign\n";
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echo "EC Signature: " . substr($ecSignature, 0, 30) . "...\n";
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echo "Valid: " . ($ecValid ? 'Yes' : 'No') . "\n";
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echo "Curve used: secp384r1\n\n";
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// Example 5: Performance comparison
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echo "Example 5: Key Size Comparison\n";
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echo "==============================\n";
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$ecKey = $hybridParams->getPublicKey();
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$rsaKey = $rsaParams->getPublicKey();
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echo "EC key size: " . strlen($ecKey) . " bytes\n";
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echo "RSA key size: " . strlen($rsaKey) . " bytes\n";
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echo "Space savings: " . round((1 - strlen($ecKey) / strlen($rsaKey)) * 100, 1) . "%\n\n";
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echo "All examples completed successfully!\n";

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