django多数据库自动化路由分配的demo
这里说的automatic routing不是真正意义上的自动化, 在配置路由后, 你需要手动同步每个一个数据库才可以.
配置路由只控制数据在同步时是否写入.
具体可看第九步.
更多信息可访问官方文档
python3.5
Django-1.11.3
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创建虚拟环境
virtualenv --no-site-packages AutomaticMultipleDatabases
Using base prefix '/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5' New python executable in /Users/wangyu/Github/DjangoAutomaticDatabaseRouting/AutomaticMultipleDatabases/bin/python3.5 Also creating executable in /Users/wangyu/Github/DjangoAutomaticDatabaseRouting/AutomaticMultipleDatabases/bin/python Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
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进入并加载虚拟环境
➜ DjangoAutomaticDatabaseRouting git:(master) ✗ cd AutomaticMultipleDatabases ➜ AutomaticMultipleDatabases git:(master) ✗ source bin/activate
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安装django
(AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutomaticMultipleDatabases git:(master) ✗ pip install django
Collecting django Using cached Django-1.11.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting pytz (from django) Using cached pytz-2017.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl Installing collected packages: pytz, django Successfully installed django-1.11.3 pytz-2017.
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安装mysqlclient
pip install mysqlclient
Collecting mysqlclient Using cached mysqlclient-1.3.10.tar.gz Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient Running setup.py bdist_wheel for mysqlclient ... done Stored in directory: /Users/wangyu/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/32/50/86/c7be3383279812efb2378c7b393567569a8ab1307c75d40c5a Successfully built mysqlclient Installing collected packages: mysqlclient Successfully installed mysqlclient-1.3.10
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创建项目
django-admin.py startproject AutoMultDataDemo-
创建APPs
(AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutomaticMultipleDatabases git:(master) ✗ cd AutoMultDataDemo (AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutoMultDataDemo git:(master) ✗ python manage.py startapp app (AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutoMultDataDemo git:(master) ✗ python manage.py startapp app1 (AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutoMultDataDemo git:(master) ✗ python manage.py startapp app2 (AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutoMultDataDemo git:(master) ✗ python manage.py startapp app3 -
配置多数据库(settings.py)
关键代码:
DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'), }, 'db1': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db1.sqlite3'), }, 'db2': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db2.sqlite3'), }, 'db3': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db3.sqlite3'), }, }
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配置路由配置(settings.py)以及加入DatabaseAppsRouter文件(database_router.py)
关键代码:
DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['AutoMultDataDemo.database_router.DatabaseAppsRouter'] DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = { # example: # 'app_name':'database_name', 'app':'default', 'app1':'db1', 'app2':'db2', 'app3':'db3', }
这样就把4个app分别分配到4个不同的数据库.
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每个APP下创建model并且同步数据库即可
(AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutoMultDataDemo git:(master) ✗ python manage.py migrate Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions Running migrations: Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK Applying auth.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK (AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutoMultDataDemo git:(master) ✗ python manage.py migrate --database db1 Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions Running migrations: Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK Applying auth.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK (AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutoMultDataDemo git:(master) ✗ python manage.py migrate --database db2 Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions Running migrations: Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK Applying auth.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK (AutomaticMultipleDatabases) ➜ AutoMultDataDemo git:(master) ✗ python manage.py migrate --database db3 Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions Running migrations: Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK Applying auth.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
model示例(appname/models.py):
class AppModel(models.Model): line1 = models.CharField(max_length=50) line2 = models.CharField(max_length=50) line3 = models.IntegerField()