PYTHON-1331 ssl.match_hostname() is deprecated in 3.7

Jenkinsfile

@@ -178,7 +178,10 @@ def initializeEnvironment() {
   // Determine if server version is Apache CassandraⓇ or DataStax Enterprise
   if (env.CASSANDRA_VERSION.split('-')[0] == 'dse') {
     if (env.PYTHON_VERSION =~ /3\.12\.\d+/) {
-      echo "Cannot install DSE dependencies for Python 3.12.x.  See PYTHON-1368 for more detail."
+      echo "Cannot install DSE dependencies for Python 3.12.x; installing Apache CassandraⓇ requirements only.  See PYTHON-1368 for more detail."
+      sh label: 'Install Apache CassandraⓇ requirements', script: '''#!/bin/bash -lex
+        pip install -r test-requirements.txt
+      '''
     }
     else {
       sh label: 'Install DataStax Enterprise requirements', script: '''#!/bin/bash -lex
@@ -196,7 +199,8 @@ def initializeEnvironment() {
   }
 
   sh label: 'Install unit test modules', script: '''#!/bin/bash -lex
-    pip install pynose nose-ignore-docstring nose-exclude service_identity
+    pip install --no-deps nose-ignore-docstring nose-exclude
+    pip install service_identity
   '''
 
   if (env.CYTHON_ENABLED  == 'True') {

cassandra/__init__.py

@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ class DependencyException(Exception):
     def __init__(self, msg, excs=[]):
         complete_msg = msg
         if excs:
-            complete_msg += ("The following exceptions were observed: \n" + '\n'.join(str(e) for e in excs))
+            complete_msg += ("\nThe following exceptions were observed: \n - " + '\n - '.join(str(e) for e in excs))
         Exception.__init__(self, complete_msg)
 
 class VectorDeserializationFailure(DriverException):

cassandra/cluster.py

@@ -165,10 +165,12 @@ def _connection_reduce_fn(val,import_fn):
         excs.append(exc)
     return (rv or import_result, excs)
 
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 conn_fns = (_try_gevent_import, _try_eventlet_import, _try_libev_import, _try_asyncore_import)
 (conn_class, excs) = reduce(_connection_reduce_fn, conn_fns, (None,[]))
-if excs:
-    raise DependencyException("Exception loading connection class dependencies", excs)
+if not conn_class:
+    raise DependencyException("Unable to load a default connection class", excs)
 DefaultConnection = conn_class
 
 # Forces load of utf8 encoding module to avoid deadlock that occurs
@@ -177,8 +179,6 @@ def _connection_reduce_fn(val,import_fn):
 # See http://bugs.python.org/issue10923
 "".encode('utf8')
 
-log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
 
 DEFAULT_MIN_REQUESTS = 5
 DEFAULT_MAX_REQUESTS = 100
@@ -811,9 +811,9 @@ def default_retry_policy(self, policy):
     Using ssl_options without ssl_context is deprecated and will be removed in the
     next major release.
 
-    An optional dict which will be used as kwargs for ``ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket`` (or
-    ``ssl.wrap_socket()`` if used without ssl_context) when new sockets are created.
-    This should be used when client encryption is enabled in Cassandra.
+    An optional dict which will be used as kwargs for ``ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket`` 
+    when new sockets are created. This should be used when client encryption is enabled 
+    in Cassandra.
 
     The following documentation only applies when ssl_options is used without ssl_context.
 
@@ -829,6 +829,12 @@ def default_retry_policy(self, policy):
     should almost always require the option ``'cert_reqs': ssl.CERT_REQUIRED``. Note also that this functionality was not built into
     Python standard library until (2.7.9, 3.2). To enable this mechanism in earlier versions, patch ``ssl.match_hostname``
     with a custom or `back-ported function <https://pypi.org/project/backports.ssl_match_hostname/>`_.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.29.0
+
+    ``ssl.match_hostname`` has been deprecated since Python 3.7 (and removed in Python 3.12).  This functionality is now implemented
+    via ``ssl.SSLContext.check_hostname``.  All options specified above (including ``check_hostname``) should continue to behave in a
+    way that is consistent with prior implementations.
     """
 
     ssl_context = None

cassandra/connection.py

@@ -733,7 +733,6 @@ class Connection(object):
     _socket = None
 
     _socket_impl = socket
-    _ssl_impl = ssl
 
     _check_hostname = False
     _product_type = None
@@ -757,7 +756,7 @@ def __init__(self, host='127.0.0.1', port=9042, authenticator=None,
         self.endpoint = host if isinstance(host, EndPoint) else DefaultEndPoint(host, port)
 
         self.authenticator = authenticator
-        self.ssl_options = ssl_options.copy() if ssl_options else None
+        self.ssl_options = ssl_options.copy() if ssl_options else {}
         self.ssl_context = ssl_context
         self.sockopts = sockopts
         self.compression = compression
@@ -777,15 +776,20 @@ def __init__(self, host='127.0.0.1', port=9042, authenticator=None,
         self._on_orphaned_stream_released = on_orphaned_stream_released
 
         if ssl_options:
-            self._check_hostname = bool(self.ssl_options.pop('check_hostname', False))
-            if self._check_hostname:
-                if not getattr(ssl, 'match_hostname', None):
-                    raise RuntimeError("ssl_options specify 'check_hostname', but ssl.match_hostname is not provided. "
-                                       "Patch or upgrade Python to use this option.")
             self.ssl_options.update(self.endpoint.ssl_options or {})
         elif self.endpoint.ssl_options:
             self.ssl_options = self.endpoint.ssl_options
 
+        # PYTHON-1331
+        #
+        # We always use SSLContext.wrap_socket() now but legacy configs may have other params that were passed to ssl.wrap_socket()...
+        # and either could have 'check_hostname'.  Remove these params into a separate map and use them to build an SSLContext if
+        # we need to do so.
+        #
+        # Note the use of pop() here; we are very deliberately removing these params from ssl_options if they're present.  After this
+        # operation ssl_options should contain only args needed for the ssl_context.wrap_socket() call.
+        if not self.ssl_context and self.ssl_options:
+            self.ssl_context = self._build_ssl_context_from_options()
 
         if protocol_version >= 3:
             self.max_request_id = min(self.max_in_flight - 1, (2 ** 15) - 1)
@@ -852,21 +856,57 @@ def factory(cls, endpoint, timeout, *args, **kwargs):
         else:
             return conn
 
+    def _build_ssl_context_from_options(self):
+
+        # Extract a subset of names from self.ssl_options which apply to SSLContext creation
+        ssl_context_opt_names = ['ssl_version', 'cert_reqs', 'check_hostname', 'keyfile', 'certfile', 'ca_certs', 'ciphers']
+        opts = {k:self.ssl_options.get(k, None) for k in ssl_context_opt_names if k in self.ssl_options}
+
+        # Python >= 3.10 requires either PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT or PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER so we'll get ahead of things by always
+        # being explicit
+        ssl_version = opts.get('ssl_version', None) or ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
+        cert_reqs = opts.get('cert_reqs', None) or ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+        rv = ssl.SSLContext(protocol=int(ssl_version))
+        rv.check_hostname = bool(opts.get('check_hostname', False))
+        rv.options = int(cert_reqs)
+
+        certfile = opts.get('certfile', None)
+        keyfile = opts.get('keyfile', None)
+        if certfile:
+            rv.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile)
+        ca_certs = opts.get('ca_certs', None)
+        if ca_certs:
+            rv.load_verify_locations(ca_certs)
+        ciphers = opts.get('ciphers', None)
+        if ciphers:
+            rv.set_ciphers(ciphers)
+
+        return rv
+
     def _wrap_socket_from_context(self):
-        ssl_options = self.ssl_options or {}
+
+        # Extract a subset of names from self.ssl_options which apply to SSLContext.wrap_socket (or at least the parts
+        # of it that don't involve building an SSLContext under the covers)
+        wrap_socket_opt_names = ['server_side', 'do_handshake_on_connect', 'suppress_ragged_eofs', 'server_hostname']
+        opts = {k:self.ssl_options.get(k, None) for k in wrap_socket_opt_names if k in self.ssl_options}
+
         # PYTHON-1186: set the server_hostname only if the SSLContext has
         # check_hostname enabled and it is not already provided by the EndPoint ssl options
-        if (self.ssl_context.check_hostname and
-                'server_hostname' not in ssl_options):
-            ssl_options = ssl_options.copy()
-            ssl_options['server_hostname'] = self.endpoint.address
-        self._socket = self.ssl_context.wrap_socket(self._socket, **ssl_options)
+        #opts['server_hostname'] = self.endpoint.address
+        if (self.ssl_context.check_hostname and 'server_hostname' not in opts):
+            server_hostname = self.endpoint.address
+            opts['server_hostname'] = server_hostname
+
+        return self.ssl_context.wrap_socket(self._socket, **opts)
 
     def _initiate_connection(self, sockaddr):
         self._socket.connect(sockaddr)
 
-    def _match_hostname(self):
-        ssl.match_hostname(self._socket.getpeercert(), self.endpoint.address)
+    # PYTHON-1331
+    #
+    # Allow implementations specific to an event loop to add additional behaviours
+    def _validate_hostname(self):
+        pass
 
     def _get_socket_addresses(self):
         address, port = self.endpoint.resolve()
@@ -887,16 +927,18 @@ def _connect_socket(self):
             try:
                 self._socket = self._socket_impl.socket(af, socktype, proto)
                 if self.ssl_context:
-                    self._wrap_socket_from_context()
-                elif self.ssl_options:
-                    if not self._ssl_impl:
-                        raise RuntimeError("This version of Python was not compiled with SSL support")
-                    self._socket = self._ssl_impl.wrap_socket(self._socket, **self.ssl_options)
+                    self._socket = self._wrap_socket_from_context()
                 self._socket.settimeout(self.connect_timeout)
                 self._initiate_connection(sockaddr)
                 self._socket.settimeout(None)
+
+                # PYTHON-1331
+                #
+                # Most checking is done via the check_hostname param on the SSLContext.
+                # Subclasses can add additional behaviours via _validate_hostname() so
+                # run that here.
                 if self._check_hostname:
-                    self._match_hostname()
+                    self._validate_hostname()
                 sockerr = None
                 break
             except socket.error as err:

cassandra/io/eventletreactor.py

@@ -103,11 +103,12 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
     def _wrap_socket_from_context(self):
         _check_pyopenssl()
-        self._socket = SSL.Connection(self.ssl_context, self._socket)
-        self._socket.set_connect_state()
+        rv = SSL.Connection(self.ssl_context, self._socket)
+        rv.set_connect_state()
         if self.ssl_options and 'server_hostname' in self.ssl_options:
             # This is necessary for SNI
-            self._socket.set_tlsext_host_name(self.ssl_options['server_hostname'].encode('ascii'))
+            rv.set_tlsext_host_name(self.ssl_options['server_hostname'].encode('ascii'))
+        return rv
 
     def _initiate_connection(self, sockaddr):
         if self.uses_legacy_ssl_options:
@@ -117,14 +118,12 @@ def _initiate_connection(self, sockaddr):
             if self.ssl_context or self.ssl_options:
                 self._socket.do_handshake()
 
-    def _match_hostname(self):
-        if self.uses_legacy_ssl_options:
-            super(EventletConnection, self)._match_hostname()
-        else:
+    def _validate_hostname(self):
+        if not self.uses_legacy_ssl_options:
             cert_name = self._socket.get_peer_certificate().get_subject().commonName
             if cert_name != self.endpoint.address:
                 raise Exception("Hostname verification failed! Certificate name '{}' "
-                                "doesn't endpoint '{}'".format(cert_name, self.endpoint.address))
+                                "doesn't match endpoint '{}'".format(cert_name, self.endpoint.address))
 
     def close(self):
         with self.lock:

test-requirements.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 -r requirements.txt
 scales
-nose
+pynose
 mock>1.1
 ccm>=2.1.2
 pytz