Add validation messaging for sorts in SMT get-value responses

[thomasspriggs]

This PR add validation messaging for sorts in SMT get-value responses.

• Each commit message has a non-empty body, explaining why the change was made.
• Methods or procedures I have added are documented, following the guidelines provided in CODING_STANDARD.md.
• The feature or user visible behaviour I have added or modified has been documented in the User Guide in doc/cprover-manual/
• Regression or unit tests are included, or existing tests cover the modified code (in this case I have detailed which ones those are in the commit message).
• My commit message includes data points confirming performance improvements (if claimed).
• My PR is restricted to a single feature or bugfix.
• White-space or formatting changes outside the feature-related changed lines are in commits of their own.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #7094 (34429a5) into develop (381b34d) will increase coverage by 0.01%.
The diff coverage is 89.71%.

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop    #7094      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    77.85%   77.87%   +0.01%     
===========================================
  Files         1574     1576       +2     
  Lines       181245   181528     +283     
===========================================
+ Hits        141109   141365     +256     
- Misses       40136    40163      +27     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
..._incremental/smt2_incremental_decision_procedure.h	75.00% <ø> (ø)
src/solvers/smt2_incremental/smt_solver_process.h	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/goto-instrument/contracts/inlining_decorator.h	34.78% <34.78%> (ø)
...c/goto-instrument/contracts/inlining_decorator.cpp	62.29% <62.29%> (ø)
...lvers/smt2_incremental/smt_response_validation.cpp	95.36% <90.90%> (-2.52%)	⬇️
src/goto-instrument/contracts/contracts.cpp	96.29% <100.00%> (+1.97%)	⬆️
...c/solvers/smt2_incremental/convert_expr_to_smt.cpp	82.74% <100.00%> (+0.39%)	⬆️
src/solvers/smt2_incremental/response_or_error.h	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ncremental/smt2_incremental_decision_procedure.cpp	96.72% <100.00%> (+0.73%)	⬆️
src/solvers/smt2_incremental/smt_array_theory.cpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
... and 6 more

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