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runtime: add GODEBUG=inittrace=1 support #41378

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@martisch

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@martisch

Note: Like #38714 this is not a proposal for the proposal process.

This issue is to discuss and track the addition of support for init function tracing through GODEBUG for ad hoc debugging and profiling of init start times.

For the first minimal implementation (future iterations can expand functionality) I think that just showing the package name, start time of the init function, wall clock duration and total heap allocated bytes and number of allocs is sufficient. Later information like module version could be added.

Due to larger complexity and limited utility init tracing of plugins is not supported.

Having a more structured format like json output is omitted and likely needs a more holistic approach and decision in unison with adding support for gctrace in json format too.

Prototype CL: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/254659

Example output:

$ GODEBUG=inittrace=1 go test
init internal/bytealg @0.008 ms, 0 ms clock, 0 bytes, 0 allocs
init runtime @0.059 ms, 0.026 ms clock, 0 bytes, 0 allocs
init math @0.19 ms, 0.001 ms clock, 0 bytes, 0 allocs
init errors @0.22 ms, 0.004 ms clock, 0 bytes, 0 allocs
init strconv @0.24 ms, 0.002 ms clock, 32 bytes, 2 allocs
init sync @0.28 ms, 0.003 ms clock, 16 bytes, 1 allocs
init unicode @0.44 ms, 0.11 ms clock, 23328 bytes, 24 allocs
...

/cc @mknyszek @aclements @randall77 @prattmic @josharian

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