Improve performance of graphFromEdges

[meooow25]

• Replace array with listArray so we don't need to allocate (index, element) pairs.
• Return -1 from the binary search when the key is not found to avoid Just allocations.

Related: #917

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Benchmarks with GHC 9.12.2:

Name                                         Time - - - - - - - -    Allocated - - - - -
                                                  A       B     %         A       B     %
graphFromEdges.line,n=100                    6.2 μs  5.2 μs  -15%     28 KB   17 KB  -39%
graphFromEdges.line,n=1000000                366 ms  315 ms  -14%    267 MB  160 MB  -39%
graphFromEdges.maxDAG,n=15                   3.0 μs  2.5 μs  -16%     13 KB  9.5 KB  -24%
graphFromEdges.maxDAG,n=1500                  91 ms   87 ms   -4%     95 MB   77 MB  -18%
graphFromEdges.rand,n=100,m=1000              43 μs   39 μs   -9%    105 KB   80 KB  -23%
graphFromEdges.rand,n=100,m=10000            531 μs  513 μs   -3%    879 KB  713 KB  -18%
graphFromEdges.rand,n=10000,m=100000          16 ms   15 ms   -4%     10 MB  7.8 MB  -23%
graphFromEdges.rand,n=100000,m=1000000       340 ms  323 ms   -4%    102 MB   78 MB  -23%
graphFromEdges.star,n=100                    6.0 μs  4.9 μs  -18%     28 KB   17 KB  -39%
graphFromEdges.star,n=1000000                466 ms  302 ms  -35%    267 MB  160 MB  -39%
stronglyConnCompR.line,n=100                  16 μs   15 μs   -6%     71 KB   60 KB  -15%
stronglyConnCompR.line,n=1000000             848 ms  735 ms  -13%    734 MB  628 MB  -14%
stronglyConnCompR.maxDAG,n=15                6.3 μs  5.7 μs   -8%     21 KB   18 KB  -14%
stronglyConnCompR.maxDAG,n=1500              202 ms  198 ms   -1%    121 MB  104 MB  -14%
stronglyConnCompR.rand,n=100,m=1000           72 μs   67 μs   -7%    171 KB  146 KB  -14%
stronglyConnCompR.rand,n=100,m=10000         816 μs  761 μs   -6%    1.1 MB  990 KB  -14%
stronglyConnCompR.rand,n=10000,m=100000       29 ms   27 ms   -7%     18 MB   15 MB  -13%
stronglyConnCompR.rand,n=100000,m=1000000    672 ms  645 ms   -4%    177 MB  153 MB  -13%
stronglyConnCompR.star,n=100                  15 μs   14 μs   -6%     71 KB   60 KB  -15%
stronglyConnCompR.star,n=1000000             852 ms  677 ms  -20%    734 MB  628 MB  -14%

[meooow25]

Just realized that we can do 2 much more low-tech since it's just an Int 🤦