Add SQL execution flowchart

docs/docs/design/miniob-realtime-analytic.md

@@ -462,6 +462,11 @@ select * from mv_v1;
 #### 测试
 本次实训实验中只需要考虑创建物化视图，查询物化视图的功能，不需要实现物化视图的刷新。
 
+**提示**: 类似create table + insert算子，子算子为select。parser阶段create materialized view stmt
+可以带一个select stmt，将创建和插入与查询分开处理。
+
+**提示**: 使用抽象表屏蔽表和视图差异，或者将物化视图当作表处理。
+
 ## LAB#4 实时分析性能优化
 
 ### 背景介绍

docs/docs/design/miniob-sql-execution-process.md

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+如图[image](images/miniob-sql-execution-process.png)
+
+PlantUML时序图使用 https://www.plantuml.com/plantuml 生成
+代码如下：
+```cpp
+@startuml
+title SQL 执行流程时序图\n
+
+skinparam sequence {
+  ArrowColor #003366
+  LifeLineBorderColor #003366
+  LifeLineBackgroundColor #F0F8FF
+  ParticipantBorderColor #003366
+  ParticipantBackgroundColor #E6F7FF
+  ParticipantFontColor #003366
+  NoteBackgroundColor #FFF2E6
+  NoteBorderColor #FFA940
+  BoxPadding 20
+}
+
+actor 客户端 as Client
+participant "Server" as Server
+participant "TaskHandler" as TaskHandler
+participant "SessionStage" as Session
+participant "ParseStage" as Parser
+participant "ResolveStage" as Resolver
+participant "OptimizeStage" as Optimizer
+participant "ExecuteStage" as Executor
+participant "ResultHandler" as Result
+
+autonumber "<b>[000]"
+
+Client -> Server: SQL命令(网络请求)
+note right: 1. 客户端发送SQL到服务器端口\n   - 建立TCP连接\n   - 传输SQL文本
+activate Server
+
+Server -> TaskHandler: handle_event(communicator)
+activate TaskHandler
+note right: 2. 任务处理器初始化\n   - 创建事件对象\n   - 绑定通信器\n   - 准备处理环境
+
+TaskHandler -> Session: handle_request2(event)
+activate Session
+Session --> TaskHandler: 会话就绪
+deactivate Session
+note right Session: 3. 会话管理\n   - 用户身份验证\n   - 设置数据库上下文\n   - 维护会话状态
+
+group "SQL处理核心 (责任链模式)"
+  TaskHandler -> Parser: handle_request(sql_event)
+  activate Parser
+  group "ParseStage.handle_request"
+    Parser -> Parser: parse(sql.c_str())
+    note right: 4.1 启动SQL解析\n   - 准备解析环境
+    Parser -> Parser: yylex_init_extra()
+    note right: 4.2 初始化词法扫描器\n   - 分配扫描器资源\n   - 设置字符串缓冲区
+    Parser -> Parser: yyparse(scanner)
+    note right: 4.3 语法解析核心\n   - Flex词法分析\n   - Bison语法分析\n   - 生成AST节点树
+    Parser -> Parser: yylex_destroy()
+    note right: 4.4 释放扫描器资源\n   - 清理词法分析状态
+    Parser --> TaskHandler: 返回AST
+  end
+  deactivate Parser
+  note right: 5. 解析完成\n   - 输出抽象语法树(AST)\n   - 支持SELECT/INSERT等语句结构
+
+  TaskHandler -> Resolver: handle_request(sql_event)
+  activate Resolver
+  group "ResolveStage.handle_request"
+    Resolver -> Resolver: Stmt::create_stmt()
+    note right: 6.1 语句转换入口\n   - 根据AST节点类型分发
+    Resolver -> Resolver: 递归处理节点
+    note right: 6.2 深度遍历语法树\n   - 处理子表达式\n   - 构建完整语句结构
+    Resolver -> Resolver: 创建具体Stmt对象
+    note right: 6.3 生成可执行语句\n   - SelectStmt\n   - InsertStmt\n   - UpdateStmt等
+    Resolver --> TaskHandler: 返回Stmt
+  end
+  deactivate Resolver
+  note right: 7. 转换完成\n   - AST→可执行Stmt对象\n   - 完成语义分析
+
+  TaskHandler -> Optimizer: handle_request(sql_event)
+  activate Optimizer
+  group "OptimizeStage.handle_request"
+    Optimizer -> Optimizer: create_logical_plan()
+    note right: 8.1 创建初始逻辑计划\n   - 扫描算子\n   - 连接算子\n   - 投影算子
+    Optimizer -> Optimizer: logical_plan_generator.create()
+    note right: 8.2 生成逻辑算子树\n   - 递归处理Stmt对象
+
+    group "重写规则应用"
+      Optimizer -> Optimizer: ComparisonSimplificationRule.rewrite()
+      note right: 9.1 比较表达式简化\n      例: 1=1 → true\n      常量折叠优化
+      Optimizer -> Optimizer: ConjunctionSimplificationRule.rewrite()
+      note right: 9.2 连接表达式简化\n      例: false AND expr → false\n      短路逻辑优化
+      Optimizer -> Optimizer: PredicateRewriteRule.rewrite()
+      note right: 9.3 谓词重写\n      删除恒真表达式\n      简化条件结构
+      Optimizer -> Optimizer: PredicatePushdownRewriter.rewrite()
+      note right: 9.4 谓词下推\n      将过滤条件下推至扫描层\n      减少中间结果集
+    end
+
+    Optimizer -> Optimizer: optimize()
+    note right: 10. 基于代价优化\n   - 选择最优连接顺序\n   - 索引选择\n   - 访问路径优化
+
+    Optimizer -> Optimizer: generate_physical_plan()
+    alt 向量模型
+      Optimizer -> Optimizer: physical_plan_generator.create_vec()
+      note right: 11.1 向量化执行计划\n   - 批量处理(1024行/批)\n   - 列式内存布局\n   - 现代OLAP优化
+    else 火山模型
+      Optimizer -> Optimizer: physical_plan_generator.create()
+      note right: 11.2 迭代式执行计划\n   - 逐行处理\n   - next()接口模型\n   - 传统OLTP优化
+    end
+    Optimizer --> TaskHandler: 返回执行计划
+  end
+  deactivate Optimizer
+  note right: 12. 优化完成\n   - 生成物理执行计划\n   - 准备执行环境
+
+  TaskHandler -> Executor: handle_request(sql_event)
+  activate Executor
+  group "ExecuteStage.handle_request"
+    alt 有物理算子(DML)
+      Executor -> Executor: handle_request_with_physical_operator()
+      note right: 13.1 DML执行路径\n   - SELECT: 执行查询\n   - INSERT: 插入数据\n   - DELETE: 删除数据
+      Executor --> TaskHandler: DML结果
+    else 无物理算子(DDL)
+      Executor -> Executor: command_executor.execute()
+      note right: 13.2 DDL执行路径\n   - CREATE TABLE\n   - CREATE INDEX\n   - ALTER TABLE
+      Executor --> TaskHandler: DDL结果
+    end
+  end
+  deactivate Executor
+  note right: 14. 执行完成\n   - 数据变更生效\n   - 查询结果就绪
+end
+
+TaskHandler -> Result: write_result(event)
+activate Result
+
+group "ResultHandler处理"
+  alt 无结果集(DDL/更新)
+    Result -> Result: write_result_internal()
+    note right: 15.1 简单结果处理\n   - 操作状态(成功/失败)\n   - 影响行数统计
+    Result --> Client: 状态码
+  else 有结果集(查询)
+    Result -> Result: sql_result->open()
+    note right: 15.2 初始化结果集\n   - 准备数据缓冲区\n   - 获取表头信息
+    Result -> Result: 打印表头
+    note right: 15.3 输出列信息\n   - 列名\n   - 数据类型\n   - 列宽
+
+    alt 向量模型
+      Result -> Result: write_chunk_result()
+      note right: 16.1 向量化结果返回\n   - 批量传输数据块\n   - 高效网络利用\n   - 减少序列化开销
+      Result --> Client: 批量数据
+    else 火山模型
+      Result -> Result: write_tuple_result()
+      note right: 16.2 迭代式结果返回\n   - 逐行获取数据\n   - 流式传输模式
+      loop 逐行处理
+        Result --> Client: 单行数据
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+Result --> TaskHandler: 完成
+deactivate Result
+
+TaskHandler --> Server: 处理完成
+deactivate TaskHandler
+
+Server --> Client: 最终确认
+deactivate Server
+note right: 17. 完整流程结束\n   - 释放所有资源\n   - 维护连接状态\n   - 准备接收下一条SQL
+
+@enduml
+```