Add lint rule for #[deprecated] on re-exports (rebase)

[GrigorenkoPV]

Rebase of #132038

Original description:

As reported in #30827 and #84584, marking a re-export (pub use) with #[deprecated] does not produce a warning for consumers. In fact, there are instances of this in the core and std crates (see past issue #82080 where this caused some confusion).

This change modifies the stability annotation visitor to mark #[deprecated] annotations on use statements with AnnotationKind::DeprecationProhibited so that library developers are aware that the annotation is not warning their users as expected.

#[deprecated]
pub use a_module::ActiveType;

error: this `#[deprecated]` annotation has no effect
  --> $DIR/deprecated_use.rs:6:1
   |
LL | #[deprecated]
   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ help: remove the unnecessary deprecation attribute
   |
   = note: `#[deny(useless_deprecated)]` on by default

error: aborting due to 1 previous error

Closes #142436 (I think)

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