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Fix some bugs with high-alignment fields in continuations #981

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rjmccall
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Fixes rdar://56867744

The algorithm supports both assigning a fixed offset to a field prior to
layout and allowing fields to have sizes that aren't multiples of their
required alignments.  This means that the well-known algorithm of sorting
by decreasing alignment isn't always good enough.  Still, we start with
that, and only if that leaves padding around do we fall back on a greedy
padding-minimizing algorithm.

There is no known efficient algorithm for producing a guaranteed-minimal
layout in all cases.  In fact, allowing arbitrary fixed-offset fields means
there's a straightforward reduction from bin-packing, making this NP-hard.
But as usual with such problems, we can still efficiently produce adequate
solutions to the cases that matter most to us.

I intend to use this in coroutine frame layout, where the retcon lowerings
very badly want to minimize total space usage, and where the switch lowering
can indeed produce a header with interior padding if the promise field is
highly-aligned.  But it may be useful in a much wider variety of situations.
Previously, we would ignore alloca alignment when building the frame
and just use the natural alignment of the allocated type.  If an alloca
is over-aligned for its IR type, this could lead to a frame entry with
inadequate alignment for the downstream uses of the alloca.

Since highly-aligned fields also tend to produce poor layouts under a
naive layout algorithm, I've also switched coroutine frames to use the
new optimal struct layout algorithm.

In order to communicate the frame size and alignment to later passes,
I needed to set align+dereferenceable attributes on the frame-pointer
parameter of the resume function.  This is clearly the right thing to
do, but the align attribute currently seems to result in assumptions
being added during inlining that the optimizer cannot easily remove.
@rjmccall
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@swift-ci Please test

@rjmccall
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@swift-ci Please test macOS

@rjmccall
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Linux test failure is unrelated; macOS is still having builder problems.

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@swift-ci Please test

@rjmccall rjmccall merged commit 2b2bff3 into swiftlang:apple/stable/20200108 Mar 27, 2020
@rjmccall rjmccall deleted the continuation-alignment-5.2 branch March 27, 2020 20:36
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