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Aug 1, 2019
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Added the example for bushes #209

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282c566
Added the example for bushes
iherman Aug 1, 2019
8133468
Update index.html
iherman Aug 1, 2019
028bc09
Update index.html
iherman Aug 1, 2019
c2b666e
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iherman Aug 1, 2019
03949a3
Update and fix examples.
gkellogg Aug 1, 2019
eea1017
Add note in named graphs on the use of `@included` in preference to `…
gkellogg Aug 1, 2019
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Expand Up @@ -8277,22 +8277,134 @@ <h3>Using the Document Base for the Default Vocabulary</h3>
</section>

<section class="informative changed"><h3>Included Nodes</h3>
<p>Sometimes it is useful to list node objects as part of another node object.
For instance, to represent a set of resources which are used by some other
resource.
In JSON-LD, these resources could all be contained as members of an array,
but this does not conveniently allow them to share a common context.</p>
<p>
Most of the examples so far were about a top level node with its properties referring to, possibly, other nodes in a tree-like fashion.
However, there are cases when the data should combine <em>several</em> such objects whithin one JSON-LD file.
In JSON-LD, these resources could all be contained as members of an array:
</p>

<p>Included resources are described in
<a data-cite="JSON.API#fetching-includes">Inclusion of Related Resources</a> of [[[JSON.API]]] [[JSON.API]]
as a way to include related resources associated with some primary resource.</p>
<pre class="example input" id="bush-in-array" title="Simple data with several top level nodes" data-transform="updateExample">
<!--
[
{
"@id": "http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu",
"@type": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person",
"name": "Manu Sporny",
"knows": { "@id": "https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me" }
}, {
"@id": "https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
"@type": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person",
"name": "Gregg Kellogg",
"knows": { "@id": "http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu"}
}
]
-->
</pre>

<p>In JSON-LD, <a>included blocks</a> may be used to collect such secondary <a>node objects</a>
which can be referenced from a primary <a>node object</a>.
Semantically, this is the same as if the node objects were embedded, or were contained
in some enclosing <a>array</a>.</p>
<p>
The problem with this approach is that we loose the ability to use common contexts.
To overcome this problem, <a>included blocks</a> may be used to collect such secondary <a>node objects</a>.
Semantically, this is the same as if the node objects were embedded, or were contained in some enclosing <a>array</a>:
</p>

<aside class="example ds-selector-tabs changed"
title="Simple data with several top level nodes with a common context">
<div class="selectors">
<button class="selected" data-selects="compacted">Compacted (Input)</button>
<button data-selects="expanded">Expanded (Result)</button>
<button data-selects="statements">Statements</button>
<button data-selects="turtle">Turtle</button>
<a class="playground" target="_blank"></a>
</div>
<pre class="compacted input selected nohighlight" data-transform="updateExample">
<!--
{
"@context": {
"generatedAt": {
"@id": "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#generatedAtTime",
"@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
},
"Person": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person",
"name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
"knows": {"@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@type": "@id"}
},
"@included":**** [
{
"@id": "http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu",
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Manu Sporny",
"knows": "https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me"
}, {
"@id": "https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Gregg Kellogg",
"knows": "http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu"
}
]
}
-->
</pre>
<pre class="expanded result nohighlight"
data-transform="updateExample"
data-result-for="Simple data with several top level nodes with a common context-compacted">
<!--
[{
"@id": "http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu",
"@type": ["http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person"],
"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "Manu Sporny"}],
"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
{"@id": "https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me"}
]
}, {
"@id": "https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
"@type": ["http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person"],
"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "Gregg Kellogg"}],
"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
{"@id": "http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu"}
]
}]
-->
</pre>
<table class="statements"
data-result-for="Simple data with several top level nodes with a common context-expanded"
data-to-rdf>
<thead><tr><th>Subject</th><th>Property</th><th>Value</th><th>Value Type</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu</td><td>rdf:type</td><td>foaf:Person</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr><td>http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu</td><td>foaf:name</td><td>Manu Sporny</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr><td>http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu</td><td>foaf:knows</td><td>https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr><td>https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me</td><td>rdf:type</td><td>foaf:Person</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr><td>https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me</td><td>foaf:name</td><td>Gregg Kellogg</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr><td>https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me</td><td>foaf:knows</td><td>http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<pre class="turtle nohighlight"
data-content-type="text/turtle"
data-result-for="Simple data with several top level nodes with a common context-expanded"
data-transform="updateExample"
data-to-rdf>
<!--
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<p>For an example, consider a node object containing a list of different items,
<http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu> a foaf:Person;
foaf:name "Manu Sporny";
foaf:knows <https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> .

<https://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> a foaf:Person;
foaf:name "Gregg Kellogg";
foaf:knows <http://manu.sporny.org/about#manu> .
-->
</pre>
</aside>

<p>Sometimes it is also useful to list node objects as part of another node object.
For instance, to represent a set of resources which are used by some other
resource. <a>Included blocks</a> may be also be used to collect such secondary <a>node objects</a>
which can be referenced from a primary <a>node object</a>.
For an example, consider a node object containing a list of different items,
some of which share some common elements:</p>

<pre class="example input"
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -8420,6 +8532,12 @@ <h3>Using the Document Base for the Default Vocabulary</h3>
-->
</pre>
</aside>

<p>Included resources are described in
<a data-cite="JSON.API#fetching-includes">Inclusion of Related Resources</a> of [[[JSON.API]]] [[JSON.API]]
as a way to include related resources associated with some primary resource; <code>@included</code> provide an analogous possibility in JSON-LD.
</p>

</section>

<section class="informative"><h2>Reverse Properties</h2>
Expand Down