Allow mode casting for Stores

src/zarr/abc/store.py

@@ -88,6 +88,31 @@ async def empty(self) -> bool: ...
     @abstractmethod
     async def clear(self) -> None: ...
 
+    @abstractmethod
+    def with_mode(self, mode: AccessModeLiteral) -> Self:
+        """
+        Return a new store of the same type pointing to the same location with a new mode.
+
+        The returned Store is not automatically opened. Call :meth:`Store.open` before
+        using.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        mode: AccessModeLiteral
+            The new mode to use.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        store:
+            A new store of the same type with the new mode.
+
+        Examples
+        --------
+        >>> writer = zarr.store.MemoryStore(mode="w")
+        >>> reader = writer.with_mode("r")
+        """
+        ...
+
     @property
     def mode(self) -> AccessMode:
         """Access mode of the store."""

src/zarr/store/common.py

@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ async def make_store_path(
             assert AccessMode.from_literal(mode) == store_like.store.mode
         result = store_like
     elif isinstance(store_like, Store):
-        if mode is not None:
-            assert AccessMode.from_literal(mode) == store_like.mode
+        if mode is not None and mode != store_like.mode.str:
+            store_like = store_like.with_mode(mode)
         await store_like._ensure_open()
         result = StorePath(store_like)
     elif store_like is None:

src/zarr/store/local.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import os
 import shutil
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Self
 
 from zarr.abc.store import ByteRangeRequest, Store
 from zarr.core.buffer import Buffer
@@ -110,6 +110,9 @@ async def empty(self) -> bool:
         else:
             return True
 
+    def with_mode(self, mode: AccessModeLiteral) -> Self:
+        return type(self)(root=self.root, mode=mode)
+
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         return f"file://{self.root}"
 

src/zarr/store/logging.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import time
 from collections import defaultdict
 from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Self
 
 from zarr.abc.store import AccessMode, ByteRangeRequest, Store
 from zarr.core.buffer import Buffer
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
     from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, Generator, Iterable
 
     from zarr.core.buffer import Buffer, BufferPrototype
+    from zarr.core.common import AccessModeLiteral
 
 
 class LoggingStore(Store):
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@ def __init__(
     ) -> None:
         self._store = store
         self.counter = defaultdict(int)
+        self.log_level = log_level
+        self.log_handler = log_handler
 
         self._configure_logger(log_level, log_handler)
 
@@ -96,6 +99,14 @@ def _is_open(self) -> bool:  # type: ignore[override]
         with self.log():
             return self._store._is_open
 
+    async def _open(self) -> None:
+        with self.log():
+            return await self._store._open()
+
+    async def _ensure_open(self) -> None:
+        with self.log():
+            return await self._store._ensure_open()
+
     async def empty(self) -> bool:
         with self.log():
             return await self._store.empty()
@@ -167,3 +178,11 @@ async def list_dir(self, prefix: str) -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]:
         with self.log():
             async for key in self._store.list_dir(prefix=prefix):
                 yield key
+
+    def with_mode(self, mode: AccessModeLiteral) -> Self:
+        with self.log():
+            return type(self)(
+                self._store.with_mode(mode),
+                log_level=self.log_level,
+                log_handler=self.log_handler,
+            )

src/zarr/store/memory.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Self
 
 from zarr.abc.store import ByteRangeRequest, Store
 from zarr.core.buffer import Buffer, gpu
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ async def empty(self) -> bool:
     async def clear(self) -> None:
         self._store_dict.clear()
 
+    def with_mode(self, mode: AccessModeLiteral) -> Self:
+        return type(self)(store_dict=self._store_dict, mode=mode)
+
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         return f"memory://{id(self._store_dict)}"
 
@@ -156,29 +159,58 @@ async def list_dir(self, prefix: str) -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]:
 
 class GpuMemoryStore(MemoryStore):
     """A GPU only memory store that stores every chunk in GPU memory irrespective
-    of the original location. This guarantees that chunks will always be in GPU
-    memory for downstream processing. For location agnostic use cases, it would
-    be better to use `MemoryStore` instead.
+    of the original location.
+
+    The dictionary of buffers to initialize this memory store with *must* be
+    GPU Buffers.
+
+    Writing data to this store through ``.set`` will move the buffer to the GPU
+    if necessary.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    store_dict: MutableMapping, optional
+        A mutable mapping with string keys and :class:`zarr.core.buffer.gpu.Buffer`
+        values.
     """
 
-    _store_dict: MutableMapping[str, Buffer]
+    _store_dict: MutableMapping[str, gpu.Buffer]  # type: ignore[assignment]
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        store_dict: MutableMapping[str, Buffer] | None = None,
+        store_dict: MutableMapping[str, gpu.Buffer] | None = None,
         *,
         mode: AccessModeLiteral = "r",
     ) -> None:
-        super().__init__(mode=mode)
-        if store_dict:
-            self._store_dict = {k: gpu.Buffer.from_buffer(store_dict[k]) for k in iter(store_dict)}
+        super().__init__(store_dict=store_dict, mode=mode)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         return f"gpumemory://{id(self._store_dict)}"
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"GpuMemoryStore({str(self)!r})"
 
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, store_dict: MutableMapping[str, Buffer]) -> Self:
+        """
+        Create a GpuMemoryStore from a dictionary of buffers at any location.
+
+        The dictionary backing the newly created ``GpuMemoryStore`` will not be
+        the same as ``store_dict``.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        store_dict: mapping
+            A mapping of strings keys to arbitrary Buffers. The buffer data
+            will be moved into a :class:`gpu.Buffer`.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        GpuMemoryStore
+        """
+        gpu_store_dict = {k: gpu.Buffer.from_buffer(v) for k, v in store_dict.items()}
+        return cls(gpu_store_dict)
+
     async def set(self, key: str, value: Buffer, byte_range: tuple[int, int] | None = None) -> None:
         self._check_writable()
         assert isinstance(key, str)

src/zarr/store/remote.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Self
 
 import fsspec
 
@@ -96,6 +96,14 @@ async def clear(self) -> None:
     async def empty(self) -> bool:
         return not await self.fs._find(self.path, withdirs=True)
 
+    def with_mode(self, mode: AccessModeLiteral) -> Self:
+        return type(self)(
+            fs=self.fs,
+            mode=mode,
+            path=self.path,
+            allowed_exceptions=self.allowed_exceptions,
+        )
+
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"<RemoteStore({type(self.fs).__name__}, {self.path})>"
 

src/zarr/store/zip.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import time
 import zipfile
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Self
 
 from zarr.abc.store import ByteRangeRequest, Store
 from zarr.core.buffer import Buffer, BufferPrototype
@@ -112,6 +112,9 @@ async def empty(self) -> bool:
         with self._lock:
             return not self._zf.namelist()
 
+    def with_mode(self, mode: ZipStoreAccessModeLiteral) -> Self:  # type: ignore[override]
+        raise NotImplementedError("ZipStore cannot be reopened with a new mode.")
+
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         return f"zip://{self.path}"
 

src/zarr/testing/store.py

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 import pickle
-from typing import Any, Generic, TypeVar
+from typing import Any, Generic, TypeVar, cast
 
 import pytest
 
 from zarr.abc.store import AccessMode, Store
 from zarr.core.buffer import Buffer, default_buffer_prototype
+from zarr.core.common import AccessModeLiteral
 from zarr.core.sync import _collect_aiterator, collect_aiterator
 from zarr.store._utils import _normalize_interval_index
 from zarr.testing.utils import assert_bytes_equal
@@ -274,6 +275,41 @@ async def test_list_dir(self, store: S) -> None:
         keys_observed = await _collect_aiterator(store.list_dir(root + "/"))
         assert sorted(keys_expected) == sorted(keys_observed)
 
+    async def test_with_mode(self, store: S) -> None:
+        data = b"0000"
+        self.set(store, "key", self.buffer_cls.from_bytes(data))
+        assert self.get(store, "key").to_bytes() == data
+
+        for mode in ["r", "a"]:
+            mode = cast(AccessModeLiteral, mode)
+            clone = store.with_mode(mode)
+            # await store.close()
+            await clone._ensure_open()
+            assert clone.mode == AccessMode.from_literal(mode)
+            assert isinstance(clone, type(store))
+
+            # earlier writes are visible
+            result = await clone.get("key", default_buffer_prototype())
+            assert result is not None
+            assert result.to_bytes() == data
+
+            # writes to original after with_mode is visible
+            self.set(store, "key-2", self.buffer_cls.from_bytes(data))
+            result = await clone.get("key-2", default_buffer_prototype())
+            assert result is not None
+            assert result.to_bytes() == data
+
+            if mode == "a":
+                # writes to clone is visible in the original
+                await clone.set("key-3", self.buffer_cls.from_bytes(data))
+                result = await clone.get("key-3", default_buffer_prototype())
+                assert result is not None
+                assert result.to_bytes() == data
+
+            else:
+                with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="store mode"):
+                    await clone.set("key-3", self.buffer_cls.from_bytes(data))
+
     async def test_set_if_not_exists(self, store: S) -> None:
         key = "k"
         data_buf = self.buffer_cls.from_bytes(b"0000")

tests/v3/test_store/test_logging.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 import zarr
+import zarr.store
 from zarr.core.buffer import default_buffer_prototype
 from zarr.store.logging import LoggingStore
 
@@ -48,3 +49,10 @@ async def test_logging_store_counter(store: Store) -> None:
     assert wrapped.counter["list"] == 0
     assert wrapped.counter["list_dir"] == 0
     assert wrapped.counter["list_prefix"] == 0
+
+
+async def test_with_mode():
+    wrapped = LoggingStore(store=zarr.store.MemoryStore(mode="w"), log_level="INFO")
+    new = wrapped.with_mode(mode="r")
+    assert new.mode.str == "r"
+    assert new.log_level == "INFO"

tests/v3/test_store/test_memory.py

@@ -58,9 +58,14 @@ def set(self, store: GpuMemoryStore, key: str, value: Buffer) -> None:
     def get(self, store: MemoryStore, key: str) -> Buffer:
         return store._store_dict[key]
 
-    @pytest.fixture(params=[None, {}])
-    def store_kwargs(self, request) -> dict[str, str | None | dict[str, Buffer]]:
-        return {"store_dict": request.param, "mode": "r+"}
+    @pytest.fixture(params=[None, True])
+    def store_kwargs(
+        self, request: pytest.FixtureRequest
+    ) -> dict[str, str | None | dict[str, Buffer]]:
+        kwargs = {"store_dict": None, "mode": "r+"}
+        if request.param is True:
+            kwargs["store_dict"] = {}
+        return kwargs
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def store(self, store_kwargs: str | None | dict[str, gpu.Buffer]) -> GpuMemoryStore:
@@ -80,3 +85,17 @@ def test_store_supports_partial_writes(self, store: GpuMemoryStore) -> None:
 
     def test_list_prefix(self, store: GpuMemoryStore) -> None:
         assert True
+
+    def test_dict_reference(self, store: GpuMemoryStore) -> None:
+        store_dict = {}
+        result = GpuMemoryStore(store_dict=store_dict)
+        assert result._store_dict is store_dict
+
+    def test_from_dict(self):
+        d = {
+            "a": gpu.Buffer.from_bytes(b"aaaa"),
+            "b": cpu.Buffer.from_bytes(b"bbbb"),
+        }
+        result = GpuMemoryStore.from_dict(d)
+        for v in result._store_dict.values():
+            assert type(v) is gpu.Buffer

tests/v3/test_store/test_zip.py

@@ -96,3 +96,7 @@ def test_api_integration(self, store: ZipStore) -> None:
             del root["bar"]
 
         store.close()
+
+    async def test_with_mode(self, store: ZipStore) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="new mode"):
+            await super().test_with_mode(store)