Be more prescriptive about Go versions in build-from-source

[bdarnell]

Re: Install CockroachDB

Issue Description

CockroachDB 2.0 does not work correctly when built with Go 1.11, so the 2.0 build-from source instructions should specify that Go 1.10.x must be used, not "1.10 or newer". (cockroachdb/cockroach#42913)

For newer versions, I think we should be more prescriptive about the versions used: Each release of cockroachdb has a corresponding version of Go that is used for all official builds. Building from source with a newer version of go is risky and production users should prefer to use the tested version.

CockroachDB version	Go version
2.0	1.10
2.1	1.10
19.1	1.11
19.2	1.12